Development of the maternal antenatal attachment (MAA) constitutes an important aspect of the transition into motherhood. Early identification of women at risk of developing a poor MAA provides possibilities for preventive interventions targeting maternal mental health and the emerging mother-infant relationship. In this study, we investigate the relative importance of an extensive set of psychosocial, pregnancy-related, and physiological factors measured in the first trimester of pregnancy for MAA measured in third trimester. A prospective study was conducted among pregnant women in Danish general practice (GP). Data were obtained in the first and the third trimester from pregnancy health records and electronic questionnaires associated with routine GP antenatal care visits. The Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS) was used to assess maternal antenatal attachment. The relative importance of potential determinants of maternal antenatal attachment was assessed by the relative contribution of each factor to the fit (R2) calculated from multivariable regression models. The sample consisted of 1328 women. Low antenatal attachment (Total MAAS ≤ 75) was observed for 513 (38.6%) women. Perceived social support (having someone to talk to and having access to practical help when needed) emerged as the most important determinant. Furthermore, scores on the MAAS decreased with worse self-rated health, poor physical fitness, depression, increasing age, having given birth previously, and higher education. Pregnant women reporting lack of social support and general low physical and mental well-being early in pregnancy may be at risk for developing a poor MAA. An approach targeting both psychosocial and physiological well-being may positively influence expectant mothers’ successful adaptation to motherhood.

中文翻译：

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哪些因素对母婴关系的发展最重要？丹麦一般实践中孕妇的前瞻性研究

产前产前依恋（MAA）的发展是向母性过渡的重要方面。尽早发现有可能发展为不良MAA的妇女，为针对孕产妇心理健康和新出现的母婴关系的预防性干预措施提供了可能性。在这项研究中，我们调查了妊娠中期对MAA进行测量的广泛的社会心理，妊娠相关生理因素的相对重要性。在丹麦全科医生（GP）中对孕妇进行了前瞻性研究。在妊娠的前三个月和第三个月中，从妊娠健康记录和与常规GP产前检查相关的电子问卷中获得了数据。母体产前依恋量表（MAAS）用于评估母体产前依恋。产前依恋的潜在决定因素的相对重要性通过多因素回归模型计算出的每个因素对拟合度（R2）的相对贡献进行评估。样本包括1328名妇女。513名（38.6％）妇女的产前依恋度较低（总MAAS≤75）。感知的社会支持（需要与某人交谈并在需要时获得实际帮助）成为最重要的决定因素。此外，随着自我评估的健康状况恶化，身体状况不佳，抑郁，年龄增加，先前分娩和受过高等教育，MAAS分数降低。孕妇报告缺乏社会支持，怀孕初期身体和心理普遍低下，可能有发展不良MAA的风险。针对社会心理和生理幸福的方法可能会对准妈妈成功地适应母体产生积极影响。