Abstract

Purpose

Subjective social status (SSS), perceived social standing relative to others, has been associated with health status, independent of objective socioeconomic status (SES). Few studies have examined the relationship of prenatal maternal SSS with birth outcomes. We evaluated the association of SSS in pregnancy with low birth weight (LBW) and high birth weight (HBW).

Methods

A total of 378 pregnant women rated their SSS from 1 (low) to 10 (high) compared to others in the United States (SSS-US) and compared to their community (SSS-Comm). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between SSS and odds of LBW or HBW.

Results

Higher SSS-US was associated with lower odds of HBW in unadjusted models (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.60–0.96; p < 0.05); this relationship persisted after controlling for objective SES, health, and demographic factors (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.53–0.99; p < 0.05). Neither SSS measure was associated with LBW.

Conclusions

Pregnant women who view themselves as having lower status than others in the US have greater odds of HBW, over and above the influence of factors known to be associated with birth weight. SSS, a brief and non-stigmatizing measure, might help identify women at elevated social risk for adverse birth outcomes.

中文翻译：

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产前主观社会地位与出生体重

摘要

目的

主观社会地位（SSS），即相对于他人的感知社会地位，与健康状况相关，独立于客观社会经济地位（SES）。很少有研究探讨产前母亲 SSS 与出生结局的关系。我们评估了妊娠期 SSS 与低出生体重 (LBW) 和高出生体重 (HBW) 的关联。

方法

与美国其他孕妇 (SSS-US) 以及与其所在社区 (SSS-Comm) 相比，共有 378 名孕妇将其 SSS 评分从 1（低）到 10（高）。使用多变量逻辑回归来检查 SSS 与 LBW 或 HBW 几率之间的关系。

结果

在未调整的模型中，较高的 SSS-US 与较低的 HBW 几率相关（OR 0.76，95% CI 0.60–0.96；p  < 0.05）；在控制客观 SES、健康和人口因素后，这种关系仍然存在（OR 0.73，95% CI 0.53–0.99；p  < 0.05）。SSS 测量值均与 LBW 无关。

结论

在美国，自认为地位低于其他人的孕妇患高出生体重的几率更大，这超出了已知与出生体重相关因素的影响。SSS 是一项简短且非侮辱性的措施，可能有助于识别处于不良分娩结果社会风险较高的女性。