Intramuscular adrenaline injection is the first-line treatment of anaphylaxis [1]. More serious and even fatal or biphasic reactions may occur if there is a delay in administering it [1]. Adrenaline injection for anaphylaxis that occurs outside of a healthcare setting should be immediately followed by a call to emergency medical services (EMS) ("911" in North America, "112" in Europe) [1]. Before discharge from the emergency care unit (ECU), an adrenaline auto-injector (AAI) should be prescribed with clearly written instructions for its use and safety recommendations [1].

中文翻译：

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与过敏反应儿童肾上腺素使用不足相关的因素。

肌肉注射肾上腺素是过敏反应的一线治疗[1]。如果延迟给药，可能会发生更严重甚至致命或双相反应[1]。对于在医疗保健机构之外发生的过敏反应，注射肾上腺素后应立即致电紧急医疗服务 (EMS)（北美为“911”，欧洲为“112”）[1]。在从急诊室 (ECU) 出院之前，应开具肾上腺素自动注射器 (AAI)，并附有明确的使用说明和安全建议 [1]。