Studies have suggested that there is farming potential in urban residential buildings. However, these studies are limited in scope, require field visits and time-consuming measurements. Furthermore, they have not suggested ways to identify suitable sites on a larger scale let alone means of surveying numerous micro-locations across the same building. Using a case study area focused on high-rise buildings in Singapore, this paper examines a novel application of 3D city models to identify suitable farming micro-locations in residential buildings. We specifically investigate whether the vertical spaces of these buildings comprising outdoor corridors, facades and windows receive sufficient photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) for growing food crops and do so at a high resolution. We also analyze the spatio-temporal characteristics of PAR, and the impact of shadows and different weather conditions on PAR in the building. Environmental simulations on the 3D model of the study area indicated that the cumulative daily PAR or Daily Light Integral (DLI) at a location in the building was dependent on its orientation and shape, sun's diurnal and annual motion, weather conditions, and shadowing effects of the building's facades and surrounding buildings. The DLI in the study area generally increased with building's levels and, depending on the particular micro-location, was found suitable for growing moderately light-demanding crops such as lettuce and sweet pepper. These variations in DLI at different locations of the same building affirmed the need for such simulations. The simulations were validated with field measurements of PAR, and correlation coefficients between them exceeded 0.5 in most cases thus, making a case that 3D city models offer a promising practical solution to identifying suitable farming locations in residential buildings, and have the potential for urban-scale applications.

中文翻译：

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用于建筑物中城市农业场地识别的 3D 城市模型

研究表明，城市住宅建筑具有农业潜力。然而，这些研究范围有限，需要实地考察和耗时的测量。此外，他们还没有提出在更大范围内确定合适地点的方法，更不用说对同一建筑物内的众多微型地点进行调查的方法了。本文使用以新加坡高层建筑为重点的案例研究区域，研究了 3D 城市模型在住宅建筑中确定合适的农业微观位置的新应用。我们专门研究了这些建筑物的垂直空间，包括室外走廊、外墙和窗户，是否接收到足够的光合有效辐射 (PAR) 来种植粮食作物，并以高分辨率进行。我们还分析了PAR的时空特征，以及阴影和不同天气条件对建筑物内 PAR 的影响。研究区域 3D 模型的环境模拟表明，建筑物中某个位置的累积每日 PAR 或每日光积分 (DLI) 取决于其方向和形状、太阳的昼夜运动和年度运动、天气条件以及建筑物的阴影效应。建筑物的外墙和周围的建筑物。研究区域的 DLI 通常随着建筑物的水平而增加，并且根据特定的微观位置，发现适合种植中等光照要求的作物，如生菜和甜椒。同一建筑物不同位置的 DLI 的这些变化证实了此类模拟的必要性。模拟已通过 PAR 的现场测量得到验证，