The breaking features and stress distribution of overlying strata in a steeply dipping coal seam (SDCS) differ significantly from those in a near-horizontal one. In this study, the laws governing the evolution of vertical stress release and shear stress concentration in the overlying strata of coal seams with different dip angles are derived via numerical simulation, rock mechanics tests, acoustic emissions, and field measurements. Thus, the stress-driven dynamic evolution of the overlying strata structure, in which a shear stress arch forms, is determined. Upon breaking the lower part of the overlying strata, the shear stress transfers rapidly to the upper part of the working face. The damaged zone of the overlying strata migrates upward along the dip direction of the working face. The gangue in the lower part of the working face is compacted, leading to an increase in vertical stress. As the dip angle of the coal seam increases, the overlying strata fail suddenly under the action of shear stresses. Finally, the behavioral response of the overlying strata driven by shear stresses in the longwall working face of an SDCS is identified and analyzed in detail. The present research findings reveal the laws governing the behavior of mine pressure in the working face of an SDCS, which in turn can be used to establish the respective on-site guidance.

陡倾煤层（SDCS）上覆岩层的破裂特征和应力分布与近水平煤层中的明显不同。在这项研究中，通过数值模拟，岩石力学测试，声发射和现场测量，得出了控制不同倾角煤层上覆地层中垂直应力释放和切应力集中变化规律的规律。因此，确定了形成剪切应力拱的上覆地层结构的应力驱动动态演化。在破坏上覆地层的下部时，剪应力迅速转移到工作面的上部。上覆地层的受损区域沿着工作面的倾角方向向上迁移。工作面下部的脉石被压实，导致垂直应力增加。随着煤层倾角的增加，上覆地层在剪切应力的作用下突然失效。最后，确定并详细分析了SDCS长壁工作面上受剪应力驱动的上覆地层的行为响应。本研究发现揭示了控制SDCS工作面中矿山压力行为的规律，进而可用于建立各自的现场指导。