There are no reports on plant growth regulators (PGR) or polyamines being used to stimulate bract longevity in bougainvillea species, yet understanding how PGR and polyamines influence bougainvillea bract phenology is important for flower profitability. Potted bougainvillea plants in four different bract development stages based on bract diameter were pre-treated with salicylic acid (SA) at a concentration of 0.5 mM combined with 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, 0.13 mM), gibberellic acid (GA, 0.29 mM), and 6-benzylaminopurine (BA, 0.22 mM) in 100 mL mixtures. Three 100 mL polyamine treatments [diamine putrescine (Put), triamine spermidine (Spd), and tetraamine spermine (Spm)] at 1 mM were also individually sprayed on bougainvillea bracts. Control bracts were sprayed only with water. Different PGR combinations and single polyamine treatments acted differently on bract longevity and endogenous 1-aminocylopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) content, and each combination and single polyamine was not equally significant in regard to coordinating a response to ACC regulation. In combined chemical treatments, maximum and significantly prolonged bract longevity in all stages were detected in the SA + NAA + GA + BA treatment compared to controls and other combinations, and longevity increased as bract stage progressed. A strong synergistic interaction was observed between SA and NAA regarding bract longevity and ACC levels. Moreover, Put also significantly prolonged bract longevity and remarkably reduced endogenous ACC content at all stages, this effect increasing as bract stage progressed compared to Spd, Spm, and controls. Therefore, the effects of SA + NAA + GA + BA and single Put (1 mM) applied to bougainvillea bracts for increasing longevity in the nursery offers insight into re-vegetation, landscaping programs, and cultivation in gardens.

中文翻译：

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植物生长调节剂和多胺对三角梅苞片寿命的影响

没有关于植物生长调节剂 (PGR) 或多胺用于刺激九重葛物种的苞片寿命的报道，但了解 PGR 和多胺如何影响九重葛苞片物候对花卉盈利能力很重要。基于苞片直径的四个不同苞片发育阶段的盆栽九重葛植物用浓度为 0.5 mM 的水杨酸 (SA) 结合 1-萘乙酸 (NAA, 0.13 mM)、赤霉酸 (GA, 0.29 mM) 进行预处理和 6-苄基氨基嘌呤（BA，0.22 mM）在 100 mL 混合物中。三种 100 mL 多胺处理剂 [二胺腐胺 (Put)、三胺亚精胺 (Spd) 和四胺精胺 (Spm)] 浓度为 1 mM，也分别喷洒在九重葛苞片上。对照苞片仅用水喷洒。不同的 PGR 组合和单一多胺处理对苞片寿命和内源性 1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸 (ACC) 含量的作用不同，并且每种组合和单一多胺在协调对 ACC 调节的反应方面并不同等重要。在联合化学处理中，与对照和其他组合相比，在 SA + NAA + GA + BA 处理中检测到所有阶段的最大和显着延长的苞片寿命，并且寿命随着苞片阶段的进展而增加。观察到 SA 和 NAA 之间关于苞片寿命和 ACC 水平的强协同相互作用。此外，与 Spd、Spm 和对照相比，Put 还显着延长了苞片寿命并显着降低了所有阶段的内源 ACC 含量，这种效果随着苞片阶段的进展而增加。所以，