Surface mining represents the dominant driver of land coverage changes in the Jiu Valley mining area in Romania. Detecting and quantifying active mines and reclaimed areas are very important tasks given the effects of surface mining on the environment. In this paper, Landsat imagery for the years 1988, 1998, 2008, and 2017 was used to map the extent of surface mining and reclamation in the Jiu Valley mining area. The satellite images were classified using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm to map land cover classes, including mined areas, and post-classification comparison (PCC) technique to track changes through time. In order to identify and quantify active mines and reclaimed areas of mined areas, we used indices such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), and Modified Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index-2 (MSAVI-2). For the entire area studied, during the period 1988–2017, the extent of surface mining was 6.5%, with peaks in the periods 1988–1998 and 1998–2008, namely, 205.2% and 4.0%, respectively, as a result of the extension of surface exploitation as distinct from that underground. Land cover conversion to mined areas was almost exclusively from agricultural, forest, and pasture. The results show that NDVI estimated the largest surfaces with active mines, reclaimed grassland, and reclaimed woodland, within the mined areas. SAVI and MSAVI-2 estimated larger surfaces classified as reclaimed forest. As a result of the expansion of surface mining areas, the landscape was considerably degraded through mining scars, landscape fragmentation, degradation, and pollution. However, during the past few years, reclamation activity has intensified in the affected areas through the occurrence of spontaneous vegetation, but also through forestation.

露天采矿是罗马尼亚久谷地区采矿面积变化的主要驱动力。考虑到露天采矿对环境的影响，对活跃的地雷和填海区进行检测和量化是非常重要的任务。本文使用1988年，1998年，2008年和2017年的Landsat影像来绘制九谷矿区的露天采矿和填海范围。使用支持向量机（SVM）算法对卫星图像进行分类，以绘制包括雷区在内的土地覆盖物类别，并使用分类后比较（PCC）技术跟踪时间变化。为了识别和量化活跃的地雷和矿区的开垦面积，我们使用了诸如归一化植被指数（NDVI），土壤调整植被指数（SAVI），改良土壤调整植被指数2（MSAVI-2）。对于所研究的整个区域，在1988-2017年期间，露天采矿的程度为6.5％，由于1988年至1998年和1998-2008年的峰值，分别达到205.2％和4.0％。地下开采的扩展与地下的扩展不同。土地覆盖转换为雷区几乎完全来自农业，森林和牧场。结果表明，NDVI估计了雷区内活动矿山，开垦的草地和开垦的林地的最大面积。SAVI和MSAVI-2估计被归类为开垦森林的较大表面。由于露天采矿区的扩大，景观因采矿伤痕，景观破碎，退化和污染而大大退化。但是，在过去的几年中，