Due to the low efficiency of physical–chemical treatments, advanced oxidative processes (AOP) appear as an efficient treatment alternative for removing organic compounds. To replace some of the reagents used in the photo-Fenton AOP with low-cost materials, the present study evaluated the degradation of direct black dye 22 (DB22) under LED radiation in a homogeneous and heterogeneous medium (iron residue). The best treatments operational conditions were determined and kinetic study was carried out. Then, artificial neural networks (ANN) were used to predict the processes' degradation behavior. In addition, toxicity tests were performed with seeds and bacteria. The homogeneous treatment reached DB22 total degradation after 120 min (2 mg L⁻¹ of Fe, pH between 3–4 and 80 mg L⁻¹ of H₂O₂) and the same result was obtained for the heterogeneous process after 480 min (0.5 g L⁻¹ of RFe, granulometric range of < 0.15 mm, pH between 3–4 and 120 mg L⁻¹ of H₂O₂). Experimental data from both treatments also showed goodness of fit to kinetic models (R² > 0.97). Furthermore, the toxicity tests indicated that the homogeneous process was the least aggressive to the species of seeds and the bacterial strains. The obtained results also allowed an efficient prediction of degradation through ANN application for both processes. Finally, the study showed that the application of heterogeneous photo-Fenton AOP using LED radiation and iron residue as the catalyst proved to be a cheap and effective alternative in the degradation of the dye, which indicates the possibility of its application on a large scale, improving the quality of the effluents released by the textile industry, without excessively increasing the cost of the process.

由于物理化学处理效率低下，高级氧化工艺（AOP）似乎是去除有机化合物的有效处理方法。为了用低成本的材料代替光芬顿AOP中使用的某些试剂，本研究评估了在均匀且非均质的介质（铁残留物）下，LED辐射下直接黑色染料22（DB22）的降解。确定最佳治疗操作条件并进行动力学研究。然后，使用人工神经网络（ANN）来预测过程的退化行为。此外，还对种子和细菌进行了毒性测试。120分钟后，均匀处理达到DB22的总降解（2 mg L ^-1的铁，pH在3-4和80 mg L ^-1的H之间₂ Ò ₂）和相同的结果是为多相过程获得后480分钟（0.5克L- ^-1对RFe，的<0.15毫米，3-4和120毫克的L之间的pH范围粒度的^-1 h的₂ ö ₂） 。两种处理的实验数据也表明拟合动力学模型（R ² > 0.97）。此外，毒性测试表明，均质过程对种子和细菌菌株的侵害性最小。获得的结果还允许通过ANN应用程序对这两个过程进行有效的降解预测。最后，研究表明，以LED辐射和铁残留物为催化剂的异质光Fenton AOP的应用被证明是一种降解染料的廉价且有效的替代方法，这表明了其大规模应用的可能性，在不过度增加工艺成本的情况下，改善了纺织工业排放的废水的质量。