A theoretical discussion of the discharge effects of upward lightning simulated with a fine-resolution 2D thunderstorm model is performed in this paper, and the results reveal that the estimates of the total induced charge on the upward lightning discharge channels range from 0.67 to 118.8 C, and the average value is 19.0 C, while the ratio of the induced charge on the leader channels to the total opposite-polarity charge in the discharge region ranges from 5.9% to 47.3%, with an average value of 14.7%. Moreover, the average value of the space electrostatic energy consumed by upward lightning is 1.06×109 J. The above values are lower than those related to intracloud lightning discharges. The density of the deposited opposite-polarity charge is comparable in magnitude to that of the preexisting charge in the discharge area, and the deposition of these opposite-polarity charges rapidly destroys the original space potential well in the discharge area and greatly reduces the space electric field strength. In addition, these opposite-polarity charges are redistributed with the development of thunderstorms. The space charge redistribution caused by lightning discharges partly accounts for the complexity of the charge structures in a thunderstorm, and the complexity gradually decreases with the charge neutralization process.

中文翻译：

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评估向上闪电放电对雷暴电参数影响的数值模拟

本文对高分辨率二维雷暴模型模拟的上行闪电放电效应进行了理论讨论，结果表明上行闪电放电通道上的总感应电荷的估计范围为 0.67 至 118.8 C，平均值为19.0 C，而先导通道上的感应电荷与放电区的总反极性电荷之比为5.9%～47.3%，平均值为14.7%。此外，上行闪电消耗的空间静电能量平均值为1.06×109 J。上述数值低于与云内闪电放电有关的数值。沉积的相反极性电荷的密度在大小上与放电区域中预先存在的电荷的密度相当，而这些相反极性电荷的沉积迅速破坏了放电区原有的空间势阱，大大降低了空间电场强度。此外，这些相反极性的电荷随着雷暴的发展而重新分布。闪电放电引起的空间电荷重新分布部分解释了雷暴中电荷结构的复杂性，随着电荷中和过程的进行，复杂性逐渐降低。