In April to June 2020, Russia passed through a major COVID-19 lockdown which, as elsewhere, has led to a rise of online connectivity and co-practice. We argue that several online mass-participation activities by Russians during the lockdown have grown into examples of contributive action. As a type of connective action, contributive action is based upon individual motivation to partake in unorganized personal action. However, its focus moves from connection-and-action (mostly impossible during lockdowns) to online projects where user participation-by-contribution turns an activity into socially and/or politically meaningful action. In Russia, activities based on contributive action, such as virtual protests or online Victory Day celebrations, came in place of connective action at a time when offline collectivity was unavailable or minor. They also served as a way back to normality in relations between the society and the state, as well as a means for social coping with the crisis.

中文翻译：

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贡献行动：在 COVID-19 封锁期间俄罗斯人的社会中介活动

2020 年 4 月至 6 月，俄罗斯通过了重大的 COVID-19 封锁，与其他地方一样，这导致在线连接和合作的兴起。我们认为，在封锁期间，俄罗斯人的一些在线群众参与活动已成为贡献行动的例子。作为一种联结行动，贡献行动是基于个人参与无组织的个人行动的动机。然而，它的重点从连接和行动（在封锁期间几乎不可能）转移到在线项目，在这些项目中，用户通过贡献的参与将一项活动转化为具有社会和/或政治意义的行动。在俄罗斯，当线下集体不可用或规模较小时，基于贡献行动的活动，例如虚拟抗议或在线胜利日庆祝活动，取代了联结行动。