With national data from tourists who reside in Spain, this article researches antecedents of tourist autonomy in trip planning, including both tourists’ characteristics and details of their trips. The results indicate positive relationships of tourists’ educational background and their travel experience with autonomy but negative relationships of trip length with autonomy. These data from Spain also highlight the role of the last global economic crisis, revealing its moderating influence on the relationships among several of the antecedent factors and autonomy. These results in turn have relevant managerial implications for tourism operators.

中文翻译：

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游客旅行计划自治的前身：全球经济危机的缓和作用

借助来自居住在西班牙的游客的国家数据，本文研究了旅行计划中游客自治的前提，包括游客的特征和行程细节。结果表明，游客的教育背景和他们的旅行经历与自主性呈正相关，而旅行时间与自主性呈负相关。来自西班牙的这些数据还凸显了上一次全球经济危机的作用，揭示了其对若干先行因素与自治之间关系的缓和影响。这些结果反过来对旅游经营者具有相关的管理意义。