Health disparities scholars describe the existence of a race mental health paradox—specifically, when black adults face higher levels of adversity compared with whites yet have similar or better mental health outcomes. Whether such a paradox exists among youth is unclear. Using data from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect, I examine black–white differences in children’s internalizing problems scores and consider the role of childhood adversities. Black children experience more adversity within family and neighborhood domains and cumulatively across ecological levels yet have comparable or better mental health at age 4 that endures over the early life course compared with white children (p < .05). Evidence suggests that among children with the greatest adversity (at the parent level), having three supportive adults and high degrees of support at age 6 were more effective for black youth than their white peers in diminishing risk for internalizing problems later in childhood (p < .05).

中文翻译：

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童年逆境和内在化问题：种族心理健康悖论的证据

健康差异学者描述了种族心理健康悖论的存在，特别是当黑人成年人与白人相比面临更高的逆境时，却具有相似或更好的心理健康结果。目前尚不清楚青年中是否存在这种悖论。我使用来自“虐待和忽视儿童纵向研究”的数据，研究了儿童内部化问题得分中的黑白差异，并考虑了儿童逆境的作用。与白人儿童相比，黑人儿童在家庭和邻里地区经历了更多的逆境，并且在整个生态水平上积累了更多的苦难，但在4岁时就具有相当或更好的心理健康，并且在生命的早期阶段就可以承受（p <.05）。有证据表明，在逆境最大的孩子中（在父母一级），