Understanding the role of religion in mental illness has always been complicated as some people turn to religion to cope with their illness, whereas others turn away. The overarching purpose of this study was to draw on quantitative and qualitative information to illuminate ways in which religiousness might be associated with changes in depressive symptomatology in a spiritually integrated inpatient treatment program. This repeated measures mixed method study examined the relations among religious comfort (RC), religious strain (RS), and depression in an inpatient psychiatric sample. Adult inpatients (N=248; Mage = 40.78 years; SD = 18.97) completed measures of RC, RS, and depression at preand post-treatment. Focusing on patient responses to open-ended questions regarding spiritual perspectives on their mental illness, qualitative themes were deduced via content analytic coding procedures to further clarify quantitative findings. Autoregressive cross-lagged panel models were used to test potential reciprocal influences among RC, RS, and depressive symptomatology between admission and discharge. Scores on RS decreased, whereas scores on RC increased. At both intake and discharge, depression was inversely associated with RC and directly correlated with RS. In addition, RC on admission was inversely associated with depressive symptom severity at discharge, whereas RS on admission did not predict later depression. Religious affiliation was also positively associated with RC. This is the first study to document a direct association between RS and depression, along with an inverse association with RC, in an inpatient psychiatric sample.

中文翻译：

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了解宗教安慰和压力对住院精神病患者抑郁症状的作用。

理解宗教在精神疾病中的作用一直很复杂，因为有些人求助于宗教来应对他们的疾病，而另一些人则拒绝了。本研究的首要目的是利用定量和定性信息来阐明宗教信仰可能与精神整合住院治疗计划中抑郁症状变化的联系方式。这项重复测量混合方法研究检查了住院精神病患者样本中宗教舒适度 (RC)、宗教压力 (RS) 和抑郁之间的关系。成年住院患者（N = 248；法师 = 40.78 岁；SD = 18.97）在治疗前后完成了 RC、RS 和抑郁的测量。专注于患者对有关其精神疾病的精神观点的开放式问题的反应，通过内容分析编码程序推导出定性主题，以进一步阐明定量结果。自回归交叉滞后面板模型用于测试入院和出院之间 RC、RS 和抑郁症状之间的潜在相互影响。RS 的分数下降，而 RC 的分数增加。在入院和出院时，抑郁与 RC 呈负相关，与 RS 直接相关。此外，入院时的 RC 与出院时的抑郁症状严重程度呈负相关，而入院时的 RS 不能预测以后的抑郁。宗教信仰也与 RC 呈正相关。这是第一项在住院精神病学样本中记录 RS 与抑郁症之间的直接关联以及与 RC 的负关联的研究。