Regular physical activity has multifarious benefits for physical and mental health, and music has been found to exert positive effects on physical activity. Summative literature reviews and conceptual models have hypothesized potential benefits and salient mechanisms associated with music listening in exercise and sport contexts, although no large-scale objective summary of the literature has been conducted. A multilevel meta-analysis of 139 studies was used to quantify the effects of music listening in exercise and sport domains. In total, 598 effect sizes from four categories of potential benefits (i.e., psychological responses, physiological responses, psychophysical responses, and performance outcomes) were calculated based on 3,599 participants. Music was associated with significant beneficial effects on affective valence (g = 0.48, CI [0.39, 0.56]), physical performance (g = 0.31, CI [0.25, 0.36]), perceived exertion (g = 0.22, CI [0.14, 0.30]), and oxygen consumption (g = 0.15, CI [0.02, 0.27]). No significant benefit of music was found for heart rate (g = 0.07, CI [-0.03, 0.16]). Performance effects were moderated by study domain (exercise > sport) and music tempo (fast > slow-to-medium). Overall, results supported the use of music listening across a range of physical activities to promote more positive affective valence, enhance physical performance (i.e., ergogenic effect), reduce perceived exertion, and improve physiological efficiency. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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音乐对运动和运动的影响：荟萃分析。

定期进行体育锻炼对身心健康具有多种益处，并且发现音乐可以对体育锻炼产生积极影响。总结性文献综述和概念模型假定了与锻炼和运动环境中的音乐收听相关的潜在收益和显着机制，尽管尚未进行大规模的客观文献综述。对139个研究进行了多级荟萃分析，以量化音乐在锻炼和运动领域中的聆听效果。总共根据3599名参与者计算了来自四类潜在收益（即，心理反应，生理反应，心理生理反应和表现结果）的598个效应量。音乐对情感价有明显的有益影响（g = 0.48，CI [0.39，0.56]），物理性能（g = 0.31，CI [0.25，0.36]），感觉到的劳累力（g = 0.22，CI [0.14，0.30]）和耗氧量（g = 0.15，CI [0.02，0.27]）。音乐对心律没有明显的好处（g = 0.07，CI [-0.03，0.16]）。通过研究领域（运动>运动）和音乐节奏（快>中速）来调节演奏效果。总体而言，研究结果支持在各种体育活动中使用音乐聆听，以促进更积极的情感效价，增强身体机能（即，产生人体作用），减少感知的劳累并提高生理效率。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。音乐对心律没有明显的好处（g = 0.07，CI [-0.03，0.16]）。通过研究领域（运动>运动）和音乐节奏（快>中速）来调节演奏效果。总体而言，研究结果支持在各种体育活动中使用音乐聆听，以促进更积极的情感效价，增强身体机能（即，产生人体作用），减少感知的劳累并提高生理效率。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。音乐对心律没有明显的好处（g = 0.07，CI [-0.03，0.16]）。通过研究领域（运动>运动）和音乐节奏（快>中速）来调节演奏效果。总体而言，研究结果支持在各种体育活动中使用音乐聆听，以促进更积极的情感效价，增强身体机能（即，产生人体作用），减少感知的劳累并提高生理效率。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。增强身体机能（例如，产生人体作用），减少感知的劳累并提高生理效率。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。增强身体机能（例如，产生人体作用），减少感知的劳累并提高生理效率。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2019 APA，保留所有权利）。