In Germany, the health insurance system covers different forms of psychotherapeutic treatments, including treatments based on psychoanalytic and psychodynamic thinking. Although there are guidelines for selecting a specific psychodynamic approach for a certain individual, it is currently unclear whether these guidelines inform about the actual allocation of patients to psychodynamic treatments in practice. We investigated whether patients starting therapy in 4 types of psychodynamic approaches differ in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Data were derived from 386 cases of the DPG Practice Study, a naturalistic, long-term study that investigates effectiveness and sustainability of psychodynamic psychotherapies in Germany. Hereby, patients’ self-reports, therapists’ reports, and information from structured clinical interviews were considered. Patients in a treatment approach with longer duration and face-to-face setting were slightly more impaired in personality functioning. Apart from that, patients differed only in the degree of education. In analytical psychotherapies with couch setting, patients were more highly educated than in other treatments. We conclude that only few patient characteristics were empirically associated with specific psychodynamic treatment approaches. As possible reasons, we consider that the applied instruments in this study might not include relevant variables for selecting a specific kind of psychodynamic treatment (e.g., rigid defense mechanisms or capacity for introspection). Additionally, the agreement on a treatment is discussed as a dyadic process that is rather influenced by characteristics of the patient-therapist dyad than by characteristics of the patient per se.

中文翻译：

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心理动力学心理治疗中的患者特征。

在德国，医疗保险体系涵盖不同形式的心理治疗，包括基于精神分析和心理动力学思维的治疗。尽管有为特定个体选择特定心理动力学方法的指南，但目前尚不清楚这些指南是否告知了实践中患者对心理动力学治疗的实际分配。我们调查了以 4 种心理动力学方法开始治疗的患者是否在社会人口统计学和临床​​特征方面有所不同。数据来自 DPG 实践研究的 386 个案例，这是一项自然主义的长期研究，旨在调查德国心理动力学心理治疗的有效性和可持续性。在此，患者的自我报告、治疗师的报告、并考虑了来自结构化临床访谈的信息。接受较长时间和面对面治疗的患者的人格功能受损程度略高。除此之外，患者仅在受教育程度不同。在沙发设置的分析性心理治疗中，患者的受教育程度高于其他治疗。我们得出的结论是，只有少数患者特征与特定的心理动力学治疗方法有经验相关。作为可能的原因，我们认为本研究中应用的工具可能不包括用于选择特定类型心理动力学治疗的相关变量（例如，严格的防御机制或内省能力）。此外，