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Examining the Empirical Realities of Proactive Policing Through Systematic Observations and Computer-Aided Dispatch Data
Police Quarterly ( IF 3.200 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-02 , DOI: 10.1177/1098611119896081
Cynthia Lum 1 , Christopher S. Koper 1 , Xiaoyun Wu 1 , William Johnson 1 , Megan Stoltz 1
Affiliation  

The 2017 National Academies of Sciences (NAS) Committee and Report on Proactive Policing highlighted what we know about the effects of proactive policing practices on crime prevention and police–community relations. However, the evaluation evidence reviewed by the NAS, which largely comes from case studies of carefully managed proactive initiatives, does not provide a basis for estimating how extensively these practices are used or whether they are used in the most effective ways. Accordingly, it is unclear whether police proactivity as practiced on an everyday basis reflects optimal strategies and implementation methods as recommended by the NAS. This study addresses this knowledge gap by analyzing almost 2 million computer-aided dispatch records from four agencies and systematically observing 84 officers for more than 180 hours to better understand the empirical realities of police proactivity. The findings indicate a major difference between the types of proactive interventions supported by research and the practice of everyday police proactivity. Specifically, proactive policing practices are limited in scope and are often implemented in less than optimal ways. A large proportion of proactive activities are also not recorded, rewarded, or supervised, indicating that patrol commanders may have little control over, or awareness of, proactive deployment. From an evidence-based policing perspective, much more effort is needed to record and track proactivity to measure its impacts (both positive and negative) and align it with what we now know about effective proactive activity from research.

中文翻译:

通过系统观察和计算机辅助调度数据检查主动警务的经验现实

2017年美国国家科学院(NAS)委员会和《主动警务报告》强调了我们对主动警务做法对预防犯罪和警察与社区关系的影响的了解。但是,NAS审核的评估证据主要来自对精心管理的主动措施的案例研究,并没有为评估这些实践的使用范围或是否以最有效的方式使用它们提供基础。因此,目前尚不清楚每天实行的警察主动性是否能反映出NAS建议的最佳策略和实施方法。这项研究通过分析来自四个机构的近200万个计算机辅助调度记录并系统地观察了84名警官超过180个小时,以更好地了解警察主动性的经验现实,从而解决了这一知识差距。研究结果表明,在研究支持的主动干预类型与日常警察主动性实践之间存在重大差异。具体而言,主动警务实践的范围有限,并且通常以不理想的方式实施。也没有记录,奖励或监督大量主动行动,这表明巡逻指挥官可能对主动部署几乎没有控制或意识。从基于证据的警务角度来看,
更新日期:2020-01-02
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