Hardin was wrong. There was not a tragedy of overuse. The Commons were dismantled by the state to make room for the formal economy and higher income user groups. I revisit the history of the Commons as a central, planned space in cities in order to ask two main questions. First, what role did the Commons play for cities and how is its lost felt? Second, how might planning reintroduce the Commons? In response, this research builds a functional theory of self-sufficiency at multiple scales of governance based on the opportunities of the Commons. The conclusion charts an urgent agenda for planning practice during a global population phase shift as cities increasingly house a greater proportion of humanity.

中文翻译：

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哈丁想象中的悲剧是猪屎：呼吁计划更新公地

哈丁错了。没有发生过度使用的悲剧。下议院被国家拆除，为正规经济和高收入用户群体腾出空间。我将重审下议院在城市中作为计划中的中央空间的历史，以提出两个主要问题。首先，下议院对城市发挥了什么作用，它失去的感觉如何？第二，规划将如何重新引入下议院？作为回应，本研究基于公地的机会建立了在多个治理规模上的自给自足的功能理论。结论指出，随着城市中越来越多的人类居住，全球人口阶段转变期间的规划实践迫在眉睫。