Fragmentation is widely recognised as one of the defining characteristics of global migration governance However, there has been little academic analysis of fragmentation, either as a dependent or independent variable in the international politics of migration We aim to explain why it is that global migration governance has historically emerged as a patchwork of international institutions In order to do so, we outline an original theoretical framework based on the proposition that power asymmetries between predominantly ‘sending’ and ‘receiving’ countries create a dynamic in which relatively weak states seek multilateralism and relatively strong states veto multilateralism, leading to institutional proliferation as a means to address immediate functional challenges We apply this framework to four key historical turning points in the recent history of global migration governance: first, the impasse at the United Nations and the expansion of Regional Consultative Processes (1985–2001);second, the surge of new mandate creations and the first High-Level Dialogue on Migration and Development (1999–2006);third, the establishment of the Global Forum on Migration and Development and the Global Migration Group (2006–8);and finally, the New York Declaration and the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (2016–18)

中文翻译：

---

权力与扩散：解释全球移民治理的碎片化

碎片化被广泛认为是全球移民治理的定义特征之一 然而，学术界对碎片化的分析很少，无论是作为国际移民政治中的因变量还是自变量 我们旨在解释为什么全球移民治理具有历史上作为国际机构的拼凑而成为了做到这一点，我们概述了一个原始的理论框架，该框架基于以下命题：主要是“发送”和“接收”国家之间的权力不对称创造了一种动力，在这种动力中，相对较弱的国家寻求多边主义，而相对较强的国家则寻求多边主义。国家否决多边主义，导致制度扩散，作为应对当前职能挑战的一种手段 我们将此框架应用于全球移民治理近期历史上的四个关键历史转折点：首先，联合国的僵局和区域协商进程的扩大（1985-2001 年） )；第二，新任务的设立和第一次移民与发展高级别对话的激增(1999-2006)；第三，全球移民与发展论坛和全球移民小组的成立(2006-8)；最后，《纽约宣言》和《安全、有序和正常移民全球契约》（2016-18）新任务的激增和第一次移民与发展高级别对话（1999-2006 年）；第三，建立全球移民与发展论坛和全球移民小组（2006-8 年）；最后，纽约宣言和安全、有序和正常移民全球契约（2016-18）新任务的激增和第一次移民与发展高级别对话（1999-2006 年）；第三，建立全球移民与发展论坛和全球移民小组（2006-8 年）；最后，纽约宣言和安全、有序和正常移民全球契约（2016-18）