Abstract:Although the effect of physical and relational (i.e., traditional) victimization on psychopathology is established, the interdependent contribution of cybervictimization is unclear. We test a longitudinal path model theorizing that (a) children’s physical and relational victimization in Grade 4 or 5 is associated with more cybervictimization experiences when they are in Grade 5 or 6 (when independent access to cybertechnology typically begins to increase), and (b) cybervictimization and traditional victimization experiences are associated with internalizing symptoms and aggressive behaviors at the end of Grade 5 or 6 (controlling for prior levels). Five waves of data were collected from children, parents, and teachers in 27 rural Canadian schools involved in an evaluation of a bullying-prevention program. Analyses for this study were based on the subsample of participants in Grades 5 and 6 (n = 714, Mage = 11.0) who completed cybervictimization questionnaires in the final two waves (i.e., fall and spring of 1 academic year). Participants also completed all other measures at each assessment point. All forms of victimization were correlated with internalizing symptoms and aggressive behaviors, within time. Across time, relational victimization was independently associated with more cybervictimization and physical victimization. Relational victimization was also independently associated with more aggressive behaviors for boys only, but not with internalizing symptoms for girls or boys. Physical and cybervictimization was not related to aggressive behaviors or internalizing symptoms over time. Prevention efforts that target relational victimization may reduce cybervictimization and physical victimization and aggressive behaviors in elementary school.

中文翻译：

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传统和网络受害对小学儿童内化症状和攻击行为发展的相互影响

摘要：尽管确定了物理和关系（即传统）受害对心理病理学的影响，但网络受害的相互依赖关系尚不清楚。我们测试了一个纵向路径模型，得出以下理论依据：（a）当儿童处于5或6年级时（通常开始增加对网络技术的访问量时），（a）4或5年级的儿童的身体和关系受害与更多的网络受害者经历有关。 ）网络受害和传统的受害经历与5或6年级结束时控制症状和攻击行为有关（控制以前的水平）。从加拿大27所农村学校的儿童，父母和老师那里收集了五波数据，这些数据涉及对欺凌预防计划的评估。这项研究的分析基于5和6年级（n = 714，法师= 11.0）的参与者的子样本，他们在最后两个浪潮（即1个学年的秋季和春季）完成了网络受害者调查问卷。参与者还在每个评估点完成了所有其他措施。在一段时间内，所有形式的受害都与内在症状和攻击行为相关。长期以来，关系受害与更多的网络受害和身体受害是独立相关的。关系受害也仅与男孩的攻击行为有关，而与男孩或男孩的内在症状无关。随着时间的推移，身体和网络受害与攻击行为或内在症状无关。