This article examines female-authored cookbooks in the 1860s, focusing in particular on the little-known work of Georgiana Hill, and the famous life of Isabella Beeton and her Book of Household Management. Looking at the state of cookbook publishing in the 1860s, and considering both the tone and content of these publications, the author argues that taking Hill’s authorial voice into account can enhance our understanding of how women operated in the highly competitive cookbook market. Hill’s and Beeton’s work, alongside that of Eliza Acton and numerous lesser-known cookery writers, suggests ways in which authors were conscious of addressing multiple audiences, including mistresses and servants, and both confident and incompetent cooks. At the same time, the frequent appearance of both European and Indian recipes suggests that the middle-class cookbook market made assumptions about the sophistication and cosmopolitanism of the domestic dinner table. The article goes on to investigate Hill’s biography, and her navigation of the publishing industry, analysing in particular the archives of George Routledge and Co., in order to argue that even while it offered female cookery writers the opportunity to capitalize on their expertise, this was still an industry in which it was difficult for a woman to be fairly rewarded for her work.

中文翻译：

---

食谱作者和食谱读者：乔治亚娜·希尔、伊莎贝拉·比顿和维多利亚时代的家庭生活

本文考察了 1860 年代女性撰写的食谱，特别关注乔治亚娜·希尔鲜为人知的作品，以及伊莎贝拉·比顿 (Isabella Beeton) 的著名生活和她的《家庭管理书》。回顾 1860 年代食谱出版的状况，并考虑这些出版物的语气和内容，作者认为，考虑希尔的作者声音可以增强我们对女性如何在竞争激烈的食谱市场中运作的理解。Hill's 和 Beeton 的作品，以及 Eliza Acton 和众多鲜为人知的烹饪作家的作品，表明作者有意识地应对多种受众的方式，包括情妇和仆人，以及自信和无能的厨师。同时，欧洲和印度食谱的频繁出现表明，中产阶级食谱市场对国内餐桌的复杂性和世界主义做出了假设。这篇文章继续调查希尔的传记，以及她在出版业的导航，特别分析了乔治·劳特利奇公司的档案，以论证即使它为女性烹饪作家提供了利用她们的专业知识的机会，这仍然是一个女性很难从她的工作中获得公平回报的行业。