OBJECTIVE Greater numeracy is associated with higher likelihood to quit smoking. We examined whether numeracy supports learning of numeric health-risk information and, in turn, greater risk perceptions and quit intentions. METHOD Adult smokers (N = 696) viewed text warnings with numeric risk information four times each in one of three warning-label types (text-only, low-emotion pictorial [i.e., with image], high-emotion pictorial). They completed posttest measures immediately or 6 weeks later. Emotional reactions to warnings were reported the second time participants viewed the warnings. Numeracy, memory for risk probabilities and risk outcomes, risk perceptions, and quit intentions were assessed postexposures. RESULTS Memory for risk probabilities and risk outcomes depended on warning-label type and posttest timing. Consistent with memory-consolidation theory, memory for high- versus low-emotion labels was lower immediately, but declined less for high-than low-emotion labels. Label memory was similar between conditions at 6 weeks. Numeracy predicted overall superior memory (especially for risk probabilities) controlling for health literacy and education. It also indirectly predicted greater risk perceptions and quit intentions via memory. In exploratory analyses, however, the superior recall of risk probabilities of smoking among those higher in numeracy was associated with lower risk perceptions. CONCLUSIONS Numeracy is associated with superior risk memory, which relates to greater risk perceptions and quit intentions. More numerate and educated smokers may be better able to quit due to their superior learning of smoking's risks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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香烟警告标签上描述的风险概率和风险结果的计算能力和记忆力。

目的较高的计算能力与较高的戒烟率相关。我们检查了算术是否支持对健康风险数字信息的学习，进而支持更大的风险感知和戒烟意愿。方法成年吸烟者（N = 696）在三种警告标签类型（纯文本，低情绪的图片（即带有图像），高情绪的图片）中的一种中，分别查看了带有数字风险信息的文本警告四次。他们立即或6周后完成了测试后措施。报告参与者第二次查看警告时对警告的情绪反应。暴露后评估了算术，对风险概率和风险结果的记忆，风险认知和戒烟意图。结果风险概率和风险结果的记忆取决于警告标签的类型和测试后的时机。与记忆整合理论相一致，高情绪标签和低情绪标签的内存立即降低，但高情绪标签和低情绪标签的内存下降幅度较小。在6周的条件之间，标签记忆相似。Numeracy预测控制健康素养和教育的总体上乘的记忆力（尤其是风险概率）。它还通过记忆间接预测更大的风险感知并放弃意图。然而，在探索性分析中，计算能力较高的人群对吸烟风险概率的较高回忆与较低的风险认知度相关。结论算术与较高的风险记忆有关，后者与更大的风险认知和戒烟意图有关。由于对吸烟风险的深入了解，更多的受过教育的吸烟者可能更容易戒烟。