Studies on identity formation focus on various components of identity. However, these components have mainly been studied separately, and researchers in different fields are not always aware of each other’s work. Therefore, this systematic review provides an overview of theories and empirical studies on three key components of identity: distinctiveness (seeing the self as unique and distinct from others), coherence (perceiving the self as similar across life domains), and continuity (perceiving the self as the same person over time). This systematic review focused on the development of these components and linkages with psychosocial functioning. Findings suggest important differences between the three identity components. Therefore, we propose an integrative developmental framework of identity, including all three identity components and their linkages.

中文翻译：

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身份发展的三个关键要素的回顾与整合

关于身份形成的研究集中于身份的各个组成部分。但是，这些组件主要是单独研究的，不同领域的研究人员并不总是了解彼此的工作。因此，本系统综述对身份的三个关键组成部分进行了理论和实证研究的概述：独特性（将自我视为独特且与他人截然不同），连贯性（将自我视为跨生活领域的相似性）和连续性（感知到自我）。自我随着时间的推移成为同一个人）。这项系统的审查重点是这些组成部分的发展以及与社会心理功能的联系。研究结果表明这三个身份组成部分之间存在重要差异。因此，我们提出了身份的综合发展框架，