Emotion dynamics vary considerably from individual to individual and from group to group. Successful social interactions require people to track this moving target in order to anticipate the thoughts, feelings, and actions of others. In two studies, we test whether people track others' emotional idiosyncrasies to make accurate, target-specific emotion predictions. In both studies, participants predicted the emotion transitions of a specific target-either a close friend (Study 1) or a first-year college roommate (Study 2)-as well as an average group member. Results demonstrate that people can make highly accurate predictions both for specific individuals and specific groups. Accurate predictions rely on target-specific knowledge; new community members were able to make accurate predictions at zero-acquaintance, but accuracy increased over time as individuals accrued specialized knowledge. Results also suggest that accurate emotion prediction is associated with social success in both individual and communal relationships and that such a relation might emerge over time. Overall, our studies suggest that people accurately make individualized predictions of others' emotion transitions and that doing so fulfills a meaningful function in the social world. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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对二元组和群体的准确情绪预测及其潜在的社会效益。

情感动态因人而异，因群体而异。成功的社交互动要求人们跟踪这个移动的目标，以便预测他人的想法，感受和行为。在两项研究中，我们测试了人们是否跟踪他人的情绪特质，以做出准确的，针对特定目标的情绪预测。在两项研究中，参与者都预测了特定目标对象的情感转变-密友（研究1）或一年级大学室友（研究2）-以及平均水平的小组成员。结果表明，人们可以针对特定个人和特定群体做出高度准确的预测。准确的预测依赖于特定于目标的知识；新的社区成员能够在零相识中做出准确的预测，但是随着个人积累专业知识，准确性会随着时间而提高。结果还表明，准确的情感预测与个人和社区关系中的社会成功相关，并且这种关系可能会随着时间而出现。总体而言，我们的研究表明，人们可以准确地对他人的情绪转变做出个性化的预测，并且可以在社交世界中发挥有意义的作用。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。情绪转变，并在社交世界中发挥有意义的作用。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。情感转变，从而在社交世界中发挥了有意义的作用。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。