The current study aimed to determine relationships between oculomotor behavior and aesthetical evaluation of paintings. We hypothesized that paintings evaluated as beautiful compared to nonbeautiful would be associated with different oculomotor behavior in terms of fixation duration, viewing time, and temporal and spatial distribution of attention. To verify these hypotheses, we examined forty participants that looked at and evaluated 140 figurative paintings while their eye movements were recorded. To analyze data, we used divergence point analysis (DPA) and recurrence quantification analysis (RQA). The results of the DPA suggested that fixation durations longer than 229 ms are sensitive to the effect of aesthetical evaluation. We also found that the effect of aesthetical evaluation was significant in the time window between 2.3 s and 19.8 s of viewing a painting. The results of the RQA suggested that the participants viewed paintings evaluated as beautiful in a more structured manner compared to those evaluated as nonbeautiful, which suggests higher involvement of top-down processes while facing beautiful artwork. We discuss and refer these results to the literature on cognitive processes related to aesthetical evaluation of paintings.

中文翻译：

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画美对眼球运动的影响

目前的研究旨在确定动眼神经行为与绘画审美评价之间的关系。我们假设，与不漂亮相比，被评估为美丽的绘画将与不同的动眼神经行为在注视持续时间、观看时间以及注意力的时间和空间分布方面相关联。为了验证这些假设，我们检查了 40 名参与者，他们在记录眼球运动的同时观看并评估了 140 幅具象绘画。为了分析数据，我们使用了分歧点分析（DPA）和递归量化分析（RQA）。DPA 的结果表明，超过 229 ms 的固定持续时间对审美评价的影响很敏感。我们还发现审美评价的效果在 2.3 s 到 19 之间的时间窗口内是显着的。8 秒观看一幅画。RQA 的结果表明，与被评估为不美的绘画相比，参与者以更结构化的方式看待被评估为美丽的绘画，这表明在面对美丽的艺术品时，自上而下的过程参与度更高。我们讨论这些结果并将其参考与绘画审美评价相关的认知过程的文献。