Although there have been various attempts to identify the perceptual-cognitive mechanisms underlying the superior performance of skilled players over novices in sports, few studies have examined the relationship between mental representations and cognitive performance according to the skill levels of players. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional link between mental representations in long-term memory and cognitive information processing ability in working memory by analyzing mental representation structure and cognitive performance according to skill level. Twenty male skilled and 25 male novice tennis players participated in this study. Structural dimensional analysis of mental representation was used to evaluate the mental representation structure of a tennis serve. In addition, cognition and movement chronometry was used to assess the cognitive performance of a tennis serve in working memory. Results of the representational analysis showed that the similarity of the skilled players to the standard representation structure was higher than that of novices. Furthermore, results in cognitive performance showed that the skilled players had a higher accuracy and shorter response time compared to the novices. Finally, a significant correlation between the adjusted Rand index and cognition movement chronometry accuracy was observed. Taken together, the mental representation structure and cognitive performance of the skilled players were superior to those of the novices, and mental representations were positively correlated with the accuracy of the cognitive information processing. These results imply that the degree of functional connection between working memory and long-term memory may be used as a perceptual-cognitive factor to explain improvement in performance.

中文翻译：

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长期记忆中的心理表征与工作记忆中的认知表现之间的功能联系

尽管已经有各种尝试来确定熟练运动员在运动中优于新手的感知认知机制，但很少有研究根据运动员的技能水平检查心理表征与认知表现之间的关系。本研究的目的是通过根据技能水平分析心理表征结构和认知表现，研究长期记忆中的心理表征与工作记忆中的认知信息处理能力之间的功能联系。20 名男子网球运动员和 25 名男子网球新手参加了这项研究。心理表征的结构维度分析用于评估网球发球的心理表征结构。此外，认知和运动计时被用来评估网球发球在工作记忆中的认知表现。表征分析的结果表明，熟练玩家与标准表征结构的相似度高于新手。此外，认知表现的结果表明，与新手相比，熟练的玩家具有更高的准确性和更短的响应时间。最后，观察到调整后的兰德指数与认知运动计时准确度之间存在显着相关性。综合来看，熟练玩家的心理表征结构和认知表现均优于新手，且心理表征与认知信息处理的准确性呈正相关。