The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether mindfulness and cognitive intrusions predict recollection. Using electroencephalogram methodology, we investigated 31 participants who performed a recognition task and reported situational mindfulness as well as task-irrelevant (TII) and task-relevant intrusions (TRI). We used behavioral measures (response accuracy) to analyze performance effectiveness and event-related potentials (ERP) to measure processing efficiency (compensatory processes) associated with performance of the task. Results suggest that being mindful during a task slightly improves recognition of old and new but not similar probes. Although worrying about the outcomes (i.e., TRI) facilitates improvement in true recognition of old probes, it also impairs correct rejection of new probes. Moreover, TRI predicted the strength of ERP effects associated with compensatory processes involved in recollection. We conclude that mindfulness slightly improves recognition without involvement of the compensatory effort and worrying partly increases responding accuracy at the cost of diminished processing efficiency.

中文翻译：

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正念、认知侵入和回忆之间的关系：一项 ERP 研究

本研究的目的是调查正念和认知侵入是否能预测回忆。使用脑电图方法，我们调查了 31 名执行识别任务并报告情境正念以及与任务无关 (TII) 和与任务相关的入侵 (TRI) 的参与者。我们使用行为测量（响应准确性）来分析绩效有效性和事件相关潜力（ERP）来衡量与任务绩效相关的处理效率（补偿过程）。结果表明，在任务中保持专注会略微提高对新旧但不相似探针的识别。虽然担心结果（即 TRI）有助于提高对旧探针的真实识别，但它也会损害对新探针的正确拒绝。而且，TRI 预测了与回忆中涉及的代偿过程相关的 ERP 效应的强度。我们得出的结论是，正念在不参与补偿性努力的情况下略微提高了识别能力，并且担心以降低处理效率为代价部分提高了响应的准确性。