Acute aerobic exercise was shown to enhance such cognitive functions as executive function (EF) and attention. Acute resistance exercise was also shown to enhance cognitive functions, however, only few studies directly compared these two exercise modalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effect of a typical moderate intensity resistance exercise session as compared to a typical moderate intensity aerobic session, on executive function and attention. A counterbalanced repeated measures experimental design was applied. Forty physical education students (21 women; 19 men, age = 25.7±2.84 years) were tested before and after three sessions: aerobic, resistance, and control. Each session consisted of 30 minutes of exercise or a rest. Executive function and attention were assessed by components of the computerized Stroop Catch game and Go-NoGo cognitive tests. A two-way ANOVA showed a greater increase in attention scores after the resistance sessions (p < .05) compared to the control condition. Attention scores in the aerobic sessions showed a trend toward improvement but did not reach statistical significance. Scores of EF significantly increased, both after the resistance session and the aerobic session (p < .05), but not after rest in the control condition. Our findings show that an acute session of resistance exercise increased both Attention and EF test scores, while an aerobic exercise session improved only the EF scores.

中文翻译：

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运动对执行功能和注意力的急性影响：阻力与有氧运动

急性有氧运动被证明可以增强执行功能 (EF) 和注意力等认知功能。急性阻力运动也被证明可以增强认知功能，但是，只有少数研究直接比较了这两种运动方式。本研究的目的是评估与典型的中等强度有氧运动相比，典型的中等强度抗阻运动对执行功能和注意力的急性影响。应用了平衡重复测量实验设计。40 名体育学生（21 名女性；19 名男性，年龄 = 25.7±2.84 岁）在三个课程之前和之后进行了测试：有氧、阻力和控制。每节课包括 30 分钟的锻炼或休息。执行功能和注意力通过计算机化的 Stroop Catch 游戏和 Go-NoGo 认知测试的组件进行评估。与对照条件相比，双向 ANOVA 显示在阻力训练后注意力得分有更大的增加 (p < .05)。有氧运动中的注意力分数显示出改善的趋势，但没有达到统计显着性。EF 的分数在阻力训练和有氧训练后均显着增加 (p < .05)，但在对照条件下休息后则无显着增加。我们的研究结果表明，剧烈的抗阻运动会提高注意力和 EF 测试分数，而有氧运动只会提高 EF 分数。05) 与控制条件相比。有氧运动中的注意力分数显示出改善的趋势，但没有达到统计显着性。EF 的分数在阻力训练和有氧训练后均显着增加 (p < .05)，但在对照条件下休息后则无显着增加。我们的研究结果表明，剧烈的抗阻运动会提高注意力和 EF 测试分数，而有氧运动只会提高 EF 分数。05) 与控制条件相比。有氧运动中的注意力分数显示出改善的趋势，但没有达到统计显着性。EF 的分数在阻力训练和有氧训练后均显着增加 (p < .05)，但在对照条件下休息后则无显着增加。我们的研究结果表明，急性阻力运动会提高注意力和 EF 测试分数，而有氧运动只会提高 EF 分数。