Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), especially transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC), have received great attention in recent years due to their advantageous properties and applications in various fields and are inevitably released into the environment during their life cycle. However, the effect of natural nanocolloids, widely distributed in the aquatic environment, on the environmental transformation and ecotoxicity of ENMs remains largely unknown. In this study, the effects of natural nanocolloids were compared to humic acid on the environmental transformation and ecotoxicity of single-layer molybdenum disulfide (SLMoS₂), a representative TMDC. SLMoS₂ with nanocolloids or humic acid (HA) enhanced their dispersion and Mo ion release in deionized water. Nanocolloids induced growth inhibition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation, and cell permeability. Low-toxicity SLMoS₂ combined with nanocolloids will enhance the above adverse effects. SLMoS₂-nanocolloids induced serious damage (cell distortion and deformation), SLMoS₂ internalization, and metabolic perturbation on Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris). In contrast, the addition of HA induced the growth promotion and lower ROS level, inhibited the internalization of SLMoS₂, and mitigated metabolic perturbation on C. vulgaris. This work provides insights into the effect of natural nanocolloids on the behaviors and biological risks of ENMs in aquatic environments, deserving substantial future attention.

中文翻译：

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纳米胶体（而非腐殖酸）增强了单层二硫化钼纳米片的植物毒性。

近年来，工程纳米材料（ENM），尤其是过渡金属二硫化二氢（TMDC），由于其优越的性能和在各个领域的应用而备受关注，并且在其生命周期中不可避免地释放到环境中。然而，在水环境中广泛分布的天然纳米胶体对ENMs的环境转化和生态毒性的影响仍然未知。在这项研究中，比较了天然纳米胶体与腐殖酸对单层二硫化钼（SLMoS ₂）（TMDC的代表）的环境转化和生态毒性的影响。SLMoS ₂纳米胶体或腐殖酸（HA）增强了它们在去离子水中的分散性和Mo离子的释放。纳米胶体诱导生长抑制，活性氧（ROS）升高和细胞通透性。低毒SLMoS ₂与纳米胶体结合将增强上述不利影响。SLMoS _2-纳米胶体在小球藻（C. vulgaris）上引起严重的破坏（细胞变形和变形），SLMoS ₂内在化和代谢扰动。相比之下，添加HA可以促进生长，降低ROS水平，抑制SLMoS ₂的内在化，并减轻寻常小球藻的代谢扰动。。这项工作提供了对天然纳米胶体对水生环境中ENM的行为和生物风险的影响的见解，值得今后的大量关注。