There are many different types of surfaces found in nature which can increase or reduce friction, such as the well-studied frog toe or lotus leaf. However, methods for replicating these surfaces on a large scale for use in industrial applications are needed in order to take advantage of this natural friction engineering. Most replication processes rely on molding that requires an input surface size comparable to the desired output surface. We present a novel approach of replicating large-scale biosurfaces using a laser scanning confocal microscope for surface digitization and 3D two-photon lithography for the fabrication of the digitized surface. Two different natural surfaces (banana skin and daffodil petal) were replicated. An intermediary tiling process was used to cover a target area of arbitrary size independent of the input texture size. The surfaces were coated with a thin layer of ZnO, and the frictional and wettability characteristics of the replicated surfaces were then examined, demonstrating significant friction reduction up to 42% and increased hydrophobicity due to the presence of texture.

中文翻译：

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任意生物表面的制造和摩擦特性

自然界中有许多不同类型的表面可以增加或减少摩擦，例如经过充分研究的青蛙脚趾或荷叶。然而，为了利用这种自然摩擦工程，需要大规模复制这些表面以用于工业应用的方法。大多数复制过程依赖于需要输入表面尺寸与所需输出表面相当的成型。我们提出了一种使用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜进行表面数字化和使用 3D 双光子光刻技术制造数字化表面来复制大规模生物表面的新方法。复制了两种不同的天然表面（香蕉皮和水仙花花瓣）。中间平铺过程用于覆盖任意大小的目标区域，而与输入纹理大小无关。