Altered lipid metabolism has been associated with the progression of various cancers, and aberrant expression of enzymes involved in the lipid metabolism has been detected in different stages of cancer. Breast cancer (BC) is one of the cancer types known to be associated with alterations in the lipid metabolism and overexpression of enzymes involved in this metabolism. It has been demonstrated that inhibition of the activity of certain enzymes, such as that of phospholipase A₂ in BC cell lines sensitizes these cells and decreases the IC₅₀ values for forthcoming therapy with traditional drugs, such as doxorubicin and tamoxifen. Moreover, other phospholipases, such as phospholipase C and D, are involved in intracellular signal transduction, which emphasizes their importance in cancer development. Finally, BC is assumed to be dependent on the diet and the composition of lipids in nutrients. Despite their importance, analytical approaches that can associate the activity of phospholipases with changes in the lipid composition and distribution in cancer tissues are not yet standardized. In this review, an overview of various analytical platforms that are applied on the study of lipids and phospholipase activity in BC tissues will be given, as well as their association with cancer diagnosis and tumor progression. The methods that are applied to tissues obtained from the BC patients will be emphasized and critically evaluated, regarding their applicability in oncology.

中文翻译：

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测定乳腺癌组织中磷脂周转率的分析平台：磷脂酶活性在乳腺癌发展中的作用

脂质代谢改变与各种癌症的进展有关，并且在癌症的不同阶段已经检测到参与脂质代谢的酶的异常表达。乳腺癌（BC）是已知与脂质代谢改变和参与该代谢的酶过表达相关的一种癌症。已经证明抑制某些酶的活性，例如BC细胞系中磷脂酶A ₂的活性会使这些细胞敏感并降低IC _50。传统药物（例如阿霉素和他莫昔芬）即将进行的治疗的价值。此外，其他磷脂酶，例如磷脂酶C和D，也参与细胞内信号转导，这强调了它们在癌症发展中的重要性。最后，假定BC取决于饮食和营养物中脂质的组成。尽管它们具有重要意义，但尚无标准化的方法可将磷脂酶的活性与癌症组织中脂质组成和分布的变化联系起来。在这篇综述中，将概述用于研究BC组织中脂质和磷脂酶活性的各种分析平台，以及它们与癌症诊断和肿瘤进展的关系。