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Morphological Research on Amniote Eggs and Embryos: An Introduction and Historical Retrospective
Journal of Morphology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 , DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21320 Daniel G Blackburn 1 , James R Stewart 2
Journal of Morphology ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 , DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21320 Daniel G Blackburn 1 , James R Stewart 2
Affiliation
Evolution of the terrestrial egg of amniotes (reptiles, birds, and mammals) is often considered to be one of the most significant events in vertebrate history. Presence of an eggshell, fetal membranes, and a sizeable yolk allowed this egg to develop on land and hatch out well-developed, terrestrial offspring. For centuries, morphologically-based studies have provided valuable information about the eggs of amniotes and the embryos that develop from them. This review explores the history of such investigations, as a contribution to this special issue of Journal of Morphology, titled Developmental Morphology and Evolution of Amniote Eggs and Embryos. Anatomically-based investigations are surveyed from the ancient Greeks through the Scientific Revolution, followed by the 19th and early 20th centuries, with a focus on major findings of historical figures who have contributed significantly to our knowledge. Recent research on various aspects of amniote eggs is summarized, including gastrulation, egg shape and eggshell morphology, eggs of Mesozoic dinosaurs, sauropsid yolk sacs, squamate placentation, embryogenesis, and the phylotypic phase of embryonic development. As documented in this review, studies on amniote eggs and embryos have relied heavily on morphological approaches in order to answer functional and evolutionary questions.
中文翻译:
羊膜卵和胚胎的形态学研究:介绍和历史回顾
羊膜动物(爬行动物、鸟类和哺乳动物)的陆生卵的进化通常被认为是脊椎动物历史上最重要的事件之一。蛋壳、胎膜和相当大的蛋黄的存在使这种蛋能够在陆地上发育并孵化出发育良好的陆生后代。几个世纪以来,基于形态学的研究提供了关于羊膜卵和由它们发育的胚胎的宝贵信息。这篇综述探讨了此类调查的历史,作为对《形态学杂志》这一特刊的贡献,标题为羊膜卵和胚胎的发育形态学和进化。从古希腊到科学革命,然后是 19 世纪和 20 世纪初,基于解剖学的研究被调查,重点关注对我们的知识做出重大贡献的历史人物的主要发现。总结了羊膜卵各个方面的最新研究,包括原肠形成、卵形状和蛋壳形态、中生代恐龙的卵、蜥脚类卵黄囊、有鳞胎盘、胚胎发生和胚胎发育的系统发育阶段。正如本综述所记录的那样,对羊膜卵和胚胎的研究在很大程度上依赖于形态学方法来回答功能和进化问题。
更新日期:2021-01-12
中文翻译:
羊膜卵和胚胎的形态学研究:介绍和历史回顾
羊膜动物(爬行动物、鸟类和哺乳动物)的陆生卵的进化通常被认为是脊椎动物历史上最重要的事件之一。蛋壳、胎膜和相当大的蛋黄的存在使这种蛋能够在陆地上发育并孵化出发育良好的陆生后代。几个世纪以来,基于形态学的研究提供了关于羊膜卵和由它们发育的胚胎的宝贵信息。这篇综述探讨了此类调查的历史,作为对《形态学杂志》这一特刊的贡献,标题为羊膜卵和胚胎的发育形态学和进化。从古希腊到科学革命,然后是 19 世纪和 20 世纪初,基于解剖学的研究被调查,重点关注对我们的知识做出重大贡献的历史人物的主要发现。总结了羊膜卵各个方面的最新研究,包括原肠形成、卵形状和蛋壳形态、中生代恐龙的卵、蜥脚类卵黄囊、有鳞胎盘、胚胎发生和胚胎发育的系统发育阶段。正如本综述所记录的那样,对羊膜卵和胚胎的研究在很大程度上依赖于形态学方法来回答功能和进化问题。