The IL-33 pathway involved in the development of type-2 airway inflammation is activated in patients with allergic asthma. According to the "one airway, one disease" concept, the IL-33 pathway should also be activated in the airways of patients suffering from allergic rhinitis. Methods We compared the levels of IL-33 and its mRNA precursor, in induced sputum of patients suffering from seasonal allergic rhinitis (n=27) with those measured in patients with seasonal allergic asthma (n=23), in atopic asymptomatic subjects (n=9), and healthy controls (n=17), in and out of the pollen season. Results Medians IL-33 levels were higher in sputum supernatants of allergic rhinitis (9.4 pg.ml-1) and asthma patients (5.2 pg.ml-1) when compared to controls (0 pg.ml-1; p<0.001) or to atopic asymptomatic subjects (0 pg.ml-1; p=0.006). The same was observed with qPCR. IL-33 levels were similar in and out of pollen seasons in patients suffering from allergic rhinitis (4.9 pg.ml-1 vs 7.1 pg.ml-1, p=0.256) or allergic asthma patients (3.6 pg.ml-1 vs 3.2 pg.ml-1, p=0.61). Conclusion IL-33 is detectable in the lower airways of patients suffering from allergic rhinitis and to similar levels than in patients suffering from allergic asthma.These levels appear to be independent of atopy per se and of natural variation in allergen exposure. Those data provide evidence of a silent epithelial dysfunction in the airways of patient suffering from allergic rhinitis without asthma, further confirming the «one airway, one disease» theory linking asthma and rhinitis.

中文翻译：

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季节性过敏性鼻炎患者的下呼吸道中发现 IL-33 表达增加，与自然过敏原暴露无关

参与 2 型气道炎症发展的 IL-33 通路在过敏性哮喘患者中被激活。根据“一个气道，一种疾病”的概念，过敏性鼻炎患者的气道中也应激活IL-33通路。方法 我们比较了季节性过敏性鼻炎患者 (n=27) 和季节性过敏性哮喘患者 (n=23) 诱导痰中 IL-33 及其 mRNA 前体的水平，在特应性无症状受试者 (n = 9）和健康对照（n = 17），在花粉季节内外。结果 与对照组（0 pg.ml-1；p<0.001）或特应性无症状受试者（0 pg.ml-1；p = 0.006）。用 qPCR 观察到相同的情况。过敏性鼻炎患者（4.9 pg.ml-1 vs 7.1 pg.ml-1，p=0.256）或过敏性哮喘患者（3.6 pg.ml-1 vs 3.2）在花粉季节内外的 IL-33 水平相似pg.ml-1，p = 0.61）。结论 IL-33 在过敏性鼻炎患者的下气道中可检测到，其水平与过敏性哮喘患者相似。这些水平似乎与特应性本身和过敏原暴露的自然变化无关。这些数据提供了没有哮喘的过敏性鼻炎患者气道中无症状上皮功能障碍的证据，进一步证实了将哮喘和鼻炎联系起来的“一种气道，一种疾病”理论。ml-1 vs 7.1 pg.ml-1，p=0.256）或过敏性哮喘患者（3.6 pg.ml-1 vs 3.2 pg.ml-1，p=0.61）。结论 IL-33 在过敏性鼻炎患者的下气道中可检测到，其水平与过敏性哮喘患者相似。这些水平似乎与特应性本身和过敏原暴露的自然变化无关。这些数据提供了没有哮喘的过敏性鼻炎患者气道中无症状上皮功能障碍的证据，进一步证实了将哮喘和鼻炎联系起来的“一种气道，一种疾病”理论。ml-1 vs 7.1 pg.ml-1，p=0.256）或过敏性哮喘患者（3.6 pg.ml-1 vs 3.2 pg.ml-1，p=0.61）。结论 IL-33 在过敏性鼻炎患者的下气道中可检测到，其水平与过敏性哮喘患者相似。这些水平似乎与特应性本身和过敏原暴露的自然变化无关。这些数据提供了没有哮喘的过敏性鼻炎患者气道中无症状上皮功能障碍的证据，进一步证实了将哮喘和鼻炎联系起来的“一种气道，一种疾病”理论。这些水平似乎与特应性本身和过敏原暴露的自然变化无关。这些数据提供了没有哮喘的过敏性鼻炎患者气道中无症状上皮功能障碍的证据，进一步证实了将哮喘和鼻炎联系起来的“一种气道，一种疾病”理论。这些水平似乎与特应性本身和过敏原暴露的自然变化无关。这些数据提供了没有哮喘的过敏性鼻炎患者气道中无症状上皮功能障碍的证据，进一步证实了将哮喘和鼻炎联系起来的“一种气道，一种疾病”理论。