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Use of young plants for biological indexing of graft transmissible pathogens of citrus
Crop Protection ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105524
Richard F. Lee , Manjunath L. Keremane , Chandrika Ramadugu

In budwood certification programs, routinely used, technology-based laboratory methods for detecting known citrus pathogens need to be complemented with biological indexing to confirm the absence of known and unknown graft transmissible pathogens (GTPs). We report here a procedure for biological indexing using very young indicator plants, 75–90 days old. Assay results of traditional biological indexing and mini-plant indexing conducted for 51 quarantine accessions and 29 positives infected with known pathogens were compared. The evaluation indicated similar sensitivity of detection between the two methods. Traditional bioindexing requires premium greenhouse resources and a lengthy incubation period; the use of mini-plants for indexing can provide a viable alternative since the technique can be conducted with a fraction of the resources typically needed. In southern California, we were able to index for GTPs requiring cooler temperatures during summer by placing mini-bioindicator plants near the cooling pads in an evaporatively-cooled greenhouse. Indicator plants kept under favorable conditions expressed symptoms throughout the year. Limited greenhouse space is required due to the small size of the indicator plants, and they can be used for biological indexing within 3 months as compared to 9–12 months with traditional indicator plants. Young plants require much less space with 240 plants/m2 of bench space as compared to 30 plants/m2 using the conventional approach for biological indexing. The use of mini-plant biological indexing will enable citrus ‘clean stock’ and certification programs to function more efficiently with limited resources and facilities.



中文翻译:

年幼植物在柑橘嫁接传播病原体生物学索引中的应用

在芽木认证计划中,通常需要使用基于技术的实验室方法来检测已知的柑橘病原体,并辅以生物学索引,以确认不存在已知和未知的移植物传播病原体(GTP)。我们在这里报告使用非常年轻的指示植物(75-90天龄)进行生物索引的程序。比较了对51种检疫种和29种已知病原体感染阳性的传统生物索引和小型植物索引的检测结果。评估表明两种方法之间的检测灵敏度相似。传统的生物索引需要优质的温室资源和漫长的孵化期;使用微型植物进行索引可以提供一种可行的替代方法,因为该技术可以使用通常所需资源的一小部分进行。在加利福尼亚州南部,我们可以通过在蒸发冷却温室的冷却垫附近放置微型生物指示剂植物,为夏季需要低温的GTP编制索引。保持在有利条件下的指示植物全年都表现出症状。由于指示植物的体积小,因此需要有限的温室空间,与传统指示植物的9–12个月相比,它们可以在3个月内用于生物索引。年轻植物需要的空间大大减少,每平方米240棵植物 通过将微型生物指示剂植物放置在蒸发冷却温室的冷却垫附近,我们能够为夏季需要低温的GTP编制索引。保持在有利条件下的指示植物全年都表现出症状。由于指示植物的体积小,因此需要有限的温室空间,与传统指示植物的9–12个月相比,它们可以在3个月内用于生物索引。年轻植物需要的空间大大减少,每平方米240棵植物 通过将微型生物指示剂植物放置在蒸发冷却温室的冷却垫附近,我们能够为夏季需要低温的GTP编制索引。保持在有利条件下的指示植物全年都表现出症状。由于指示植物的体积小,因此需要有限的温室空间,与传统指示植物的9–12个月相比,它们可以在3个月内用于生物索引。年轻植物需要的空间大大减少,每平方米240棵植物 与传统指标植物的9-12个月相比,它们可以在3个月内用于生物学索引。年轻植物需要的空间大大减少,每平方米240棵植物 与传统指标植物的9-12个月相比,它们可以在3个月内用于生物学索引。年轻植物所需的空间大大减少,每平方米240棵植物2的工作台空间相比,30株植物/米2使用用于生物索引的常规方法。小型植物生物索引的使用将使柑橘“清洁种群”和认证计划在有限的资源和设施下更有效地发挥作用。

更新日期:2021-01-18
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