In this study, eighty isolates of Fusarium were obtained from the uncultivated soils and roots of chickpea plants showing typical black root rot symptoms from different areas of Kermanshah province, west Iran during 2015 to 2017. Based on colony morphology, growth pattern, and micromorphological characteristics, the most prevalent Fusarium species recovered from uncultivated soil were F. redolens , 38 isolates (64%), followed by F. oxysporum , 12 isolates (20%), F. solani , seven isolates (11%) and Neocosmospora vasinfecta , three isolates (5%). All isolates recovered from chickpea plants with black root rot symptom were identified as F. redolens according to macro-micromorphological and molecular characteristics. After grouping, 27 isolates were selected for molecular confirmation by phylogeny of DNA sequence data for the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA and translation EF1α intergenic regions. The results of the pathogenicity test under greenhouse condition revealed that all isolates of F. redolens obtained from chickpea plants with black root rot symptoms in this study and N. vasinfecta from uncultivated soil are pathogenic to chickpea cultivar Bivanij. Two weeks after inoculation with F. redolens and N. vasinfecta , symptoms developed as black cankers that extended upward and downward of roots of all emerged seedlings. Re-isolation from all inoculated plants after observation of symptoms were performed, and isolates were compared to original cultures thus fulfilling Koch’s postulates. According to the results of canonical correspondence analysis, soil texture, altitude, CaCO 3 , EC, carbon, organic matter and pH in descending order were recognized as the most important environmental variables for the distribution of Fusarium species in soil. Fusarium redolens reflected a soil with very low sand, carbon, organic matter and intermediate pH, EC and CaCO 3. Results of this study suggest that previously reported F. oxysporum in western Iran on chickpea might have been mistaken. This is the first report of pathogenicity of F. redolens and N. vasinfecta on chickpea from Iran.

中文翻译：

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伊朗未开垦土壤和鹰嘴豆镰刀菌分离株的分子特征和分布，特别是重糖镰刀菌

在这项研究中，从 2015 年至 2017 年伊朗西部克尔曼沙赫省不同地区表现出典型黑根腐烂症状的鹰嘴豆植物的未开垦土壤和根中获得了 80 株镰刀菌。 ，从未开垦的土壤中回收的最普遍的镰刀菌物种是 F. redolens，38 个分离株 (64%)，其次是 F. oxysporum，12 个分离株 (20%)，F. solani，7 个分离株 (11%) 和 Neocosmospora vasinfecta，三个分离株 (5%)。从具有黑根腐病症状的鹰嘴豆植物中回收的所有分离物根据宏观微观形态和分子特征被鉴定为F. redolens。分组后，通过内部转录间隔区 (ITS) rDNA 和翻译 EF1α 基因间区域的 DNA 序列数据的系统发育，选择了 27 个分离株进行分子确认。温室条件下的致病性试验结果表明，本研究中从具有黑根腐病症状的鹰嘴豆植物中获得的所有F. redolens 分离物和来自未开垦土壤的N. vasinfecta 对鹰嘴豆品种Bivanij 均具有致病性。接种 F. redolens 和 N. vasinfecta 两周后，症状发展为黑色溃疡病，在所有出苗的幼苗的根部向上和向下延伸。观察症状后从所有接种的植物中重新分离，并将分离物与原始培养物进行比较，从而满足科赫的假设。根据典型对应分析结果，土壤质地、海拔、CaCO 3 、EC、碳、有机质和pH值递减顺序被认为是镰刀菌在土壤中分布的最重要的环境变量。Fusarium redolens 反映土壤中的沙子、碳、有机质和 pH 值、EC 和 CaCO 3 都非常低。这项研究的结果表明，之前报道的伊朗西部鹰嘴豆上的尖孢镰刀菌可能是错误的。这是关于来自伊朗的鹰嘴豆的 F. redolens 和 N. vasinfecta 致病性的第一份报告。这项研究的结果表明，之前报道的伊朗西部鹰嘴豆上的尖孢镰刀菌可能是错误的。这是关于来自伊朗的鹰嘴豆的 F. redolens 和 N. vasinfecta 致病性的第一份报告。这项研究的结果表明，之前报道的伊朗西部鹰嘴豆上的尖孢镰刀菌可能是错误的。这是关于来自伊朗的鹰嘴豆的 F. redolens 和 N. vasinfecta 致病性的第一份报告。