Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε, catechol-O-methytranferase (COMT) Val108/158Met and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were shown to affect stress perception and response. The present study explored possible associations between these SNPs and changes in subclinical anxiety- and depressive symptoms, sense of coherence (SOC) and vital exhaustion (VE) during compulsory basic military training. The study encompassed 179 conscripts of a training base in Greece. The neuropsychiatric assessment was based on the Beck Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Antonovsky SOC scale and the Maastricht Questionnaire. It was conducted at three time points of the 19-day basic military training: on day one (baseline), day six (follow-up I) and day 13 (follow-up II). Statistical analyses included Mann–Whitney test, Chi-square test and cross-sectional time series regression models based on the Skillings–Mack statistic. APOE ε4 non-carriers encountered significant changes in anxiety- and depressive symptoms and SOC (in all cases P < 0.001) over the observation period, whilst ε4 carriers did not. The changes in anxiety, depressive symptoms and SOC attained statistical significance in both BDNF Met66 carriers (in all cases P < 0.001) and non-carriers (P = 0.036; < 0.001; < 0.001, respectively) as well as in COMT Met108/158 carriers (P = 0.004; < 0.001; < 0.001, respectively) and non-carriers (P = 0.02; 0.01; 0.021, respectively. Changes over time in VE were not significant (P > 0.05). The observed resistance of APOE ε4 carriers vs non-carriers to changes in anxiety- and depressive symptoms and SOC when exposed to a stressful environment may point to superior coping capacities of healthy young men carrying the ε4 allele.

载脂蛋白 E (APOE) ε、儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶 (COMT) Val108/158Met和脑源性神经营养因子 (BDNF) Val66Met 单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 显示影响压力感知和反应。本研究探讨了这些 SNP 与强制性基本军事训练期间亚临床焦虑和抑郁症状、连贯感 (SOC) 和生命力衰竭 (VE) 变化之间可能存在的关联。该研究包括希腊训练基地的 179 名应征入伍者。神经精神病学评估基于贝克抑郁量表、状态特质焦虑量表、安东诺夫斯基 SOC 量表和马斯特里赫特问卷。它在为期 19 天的基础军事训练的三个时间点进行：第一天（基线）、第六天（跟进 I）和第 13 天（跟进 II）。统计分析包括 Mann-Whitney 检验，基于 Skillings-Mack 统计的卡方检验和横截面时间序列回归模型。APOE ε4 非携带者在焦虑和抑郁症状和 SOC 方面遇到了显着变化（在所有情况下P  < 0.001）在观察期间，而 ε4 载体没有。BDNF Met66 携带者（在所有情况下P  < 0.001）和非携带者（分别为P  = 0.036；< 0.001；< 0.001）以及 COMT Met108/158中焦虑、抑郁症状和 SOC 的变化均具有统计学意义携带者（分别为P  = 0.004；< 0.001；< 0.001）和非携带者（分别为P  = 0.02；0.01；0.021。VE 随时间的变化不显着（P  > 0.05）。观察到的 APOE ε4 载体的抵抗力与非携带者相比，当暴露于压力环境时，焦虑和抑郁症状和 SOC 的变化可能表明携带 ε4 等位基因的健康年轻男性具有更高的应对能力。