Ethnobotanical survey presents the first step in the identification of new bioactive compounds. This study aimed to collect, document and analyse data on the traditional use of medicinal plants in Jablanica district (South-Eastern Serbia) and to compare traditional knowledge with scientifically proven data. Ethnobotanical study was carried out using semi-structured interviews with 103 informants. Discussion of the results was performed after the quantitative ethnobotany factors were calculated. Comparison of the data was done with those of European Medicines Agency (EMA), Yugoslav Pharmacopoeia 1984 (Ph. Jug. IV) and relevant scientific papers. The informants reported data on 89 medicinal plants belonging to 49 families in Jablanica district. The dominantly used families were Lamiaceae and Asteraceae, while Hypericum perforatum L., Mentha × piperita L. and Matricaria chamomilla L. were the species with the highest number of use reports. The most frequently reported indications were respiratory, gastrointestinal, dermatologic, and psychological diseases. The species with most diverse uses were Taraxacum campylodes G.E.Haglund, Achillea millefolium L. and Rosa canina L. According to our results, medicinal plants in Jablanica district are mainly used for treating minor health issues as a mode of primary health care. The wide application of species belonging to Lamiaceae and Asteraceae families can be partially attributed to the fact that many cosmopolitan medicinal plant species belongs to these families and also to their predominance in the flora of Jablanica districts.

人类植物学调查提出了鉴定新生物活性化合物的第一步。这项研究旨在收集，记录和分析有关Jablanica地区（东南塞尔维亚）药用植物传统使用的数据，并将传统知识与经过科学验证的数据进行比较。民族植物学研究是通过对103名线人进行的半结构式访谈进行的。在计算了量化的民族植物因子之后，对结果进行了讨论。数据比较是与欧洲药品管理局（EMA），《南斯拉夫药典1984》（Ph。Jug。IV）和相关科学论文进行的。线人报告了有关Jablanica地区49个科的89种药用植物的数据。主要使用的科是唇形科和菊科（Aperaceum perforatum L.），薄荷（Mentha×piperita L.）和母菊（Matricaria chamomilla L.）是使用报告次数最多的物种。最常报告的适应症是呼吸道，胃肠道，皮肤病和心理疾病。用途最广泛的物种是蒲公英（Taraxacum campylodes GEHaglund），山chill（Achillea millefolium L.）和蔷薇（Rosa canina L）。根据我们的研究结果，Jablanica地区的药用植物主要用于治疗次要健康问题，并将其作为初级卫生保健的一种方式。属于唇形科和菊科的物种的广泛应用 科的部分归因于以下事实：许多世界性药用植物都属于这些科，而且还归因于它们在Jablanica地区的植物区系中占主导地位。