Although risk behaviors could place transgender people at increased risk of anal cancer, few studies have examined anal cancer knowledge and screening use among this population. This study assessed knowledge of anal cancer and associated screening tools, self-perceived risk for anal cancer, and willingness to undergo anal cytology testing among transgender persons in an HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI)-dense region. Adult transgender persons were recruited locally and surveyed electronically. Descriptive statistics, student's t tests, ANOVA, and Pearson's chi-squared test were performed. Among 79 transgender persons, identified anal cancer risk factors included smoking, STI history, anoreceptive intercourse, and inconsistent condom use. Nearly half (43%) reported little to no knowledge of anal cancer. The vast majority (82%) had little to no perceived risk of developing anal cancer. Twenty-eight percent had heard of anal cytology, and few (17%) had undergone it. Despite susceptibility, transgender persons lack knowledge and have a low perception of personal risk of anal cancer, highlighting the need to increase awareness of anal cancer, risk factors, and screening methods among this population.

尽管危险行为可能会使变性人患肛门癌的风险增加，但很少有研究调查过这一人群的肛门癌知识和筛查使用情况。本研究评估了在 HIV/性传播感染 (STI) 密集地区的跨性别者对肛门癌和相关筛查工具的了解、对肛门癌的自我感知风险以及接受肛门细胞学检测的意愿。在当地招募成年变性人并进行电子调查。描述性统计，学生t进行了检验、ANOVA 和 Pearson 卡方检验。在 79 名跨性别者中，已确定的肛门癌危险因素包括吸烟、性传播感染病史、性交厌恶和安全套使用不一致。将近一半 (43%) 的人表示对肛门癌知之甚少或一无所知。绝大多数 (82%) 几乎没有或根本没有患肛门癌的风险。28% 的人听说过肛门细胞学，很少人 (17%) 经历过。尽管具有易感性，但跨性别者缺乏知识并且对个人患肛门癌的风险知之甚少，这突出表明需要提高该人群对肛门癌、风险​​因素和筛查方法的认识。