Objective

The purpose of this paper is to summarize existing evidence about nursing interventions to selected symptoms experienced by patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) to maintain or return to their daily life activities.

Data Sources

A non-systematic narrative review was conducted. A search in PubMed and CINAHL was conducted eliciting evidence about frequent symptoms experienced after RC. The following search terms were used: radical cystectomy and/or nursing interventions, pain, distress, fatigue, urinary dysfunction, sexual dysfunction, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, and enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS).

Conclusion

Evidence in the ERAS pathway is still lacking regarding the effect of preoperative education and counseling of the patient and the most difficult part to implement is related to preoperative optimization of the patient such as lifestyle changes. Most nursing interventions to alleviate symptoms in the rehabilitation period after RC are still practice based.

Implications for Nursing Practice

Priority should be given to implementation of the ERAS protocol. To improve the management of symptoms experienced by patients in the RC rehabilitation period it is essential that validated screening tools to identify the symptoms be used. Accepted and effective strategies for treating the individual symptoms should be initiated and clear treatment outcomes should be defined. Urology nurse researchers should investigate the concept of symptom clusters to clarify whether there are more efficient methods to identify symptoms or symptom clusters and if so would the use of symptom clusters knowledge improve patient care.

中文翻译：

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根治性膀胱切除术后康复患者的护理意义

客观的

本文的目的是总结关于对接受根治性膀胱切除术 (RC) 以维持或恢复日常生活活动的患者所经历的选定症状的护理干预的现有证据。

数据源

进行了非系统的叙述性审查。在 PubMed 和 CINAHL 中进行了搜索，以获取有关 RC 后常见症状的证据。使用了以下搜索词：根治性膀胱切除术和/或护理干预、疼痛、痛苦、疲劳、泌尿功能障碍、性功能障碍、食欲不振、睡眠障碍和术后恢复加速 (ERAS)。

结论

ERAS途径中关于患者术前教育和咨询效果的证据仍然缺乏，最难实施的部分涉及患者的术前优化，例如生活方式的改变。大多数缓解RC后康复期症状的护理干预措施仍以实践为基础。

对护理实践的影响

应优先实施 ERAS 协议。为了改善患者在 RC 康复期间所经历的症状的管理，必须使用经过验证的筛查工具来识别症状。应启动可接受且有效的治疗个体症状的策略，并应确定明确的治疗结果。泌尿外科护士研究人员应研究症状群的概念，以阐明是否有更有效的方法来识别症状或症状群，如果有，症状群知识的使用是否会改善患者护理。