Key message

We review the main genes underlying commercial traits in cut flower species and critically discuss the possibility to apply genome editing approaches to produce novel variation and phenotypes.

Abstract

Promoting flowering and flower longevity as well as creating novelty in flower structure, colour range and fragrances are major objectives of ornamental plant breeding. The novel genome editing techniques add new possibilities to study gene function and breed new varieties. The implementation of such techniques, however, relies on detailed information about structure and function of genomes and genes. Moreover, improved protocols for efficient delivery of editing reagents are required. Recent results of the application of genome editing techniques to elite ornamental crops are discussed in this review. Enabling technologies and genomic resources are reviewed in relation to the implementation of such approaches. Availability of the main gene sequences, underlying commercial traits and in vitro transformation protocols are provided for the world’s best-selling cut flowers, namely rose, lily, chrysanthemum, lisianthus, tulip, gerbera, freesia, alstroemeria, carnation and hydrangea. Results obtained so far are described and their implications for the improvement of flowering, flower architecture, colour, scent and shelf-life are discussed.

中文翻译：

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用于培育观赏植物所需表型的基因和基因组编辑工具

关键信息

我们回顾了切花物种商业性状的主要基因，并批判性地讨论了应用基因组编辑方法来产生新的变异和表型的可能性。

抽象的

促进开花和花的寿命以及在花的结构、颜色范围和香味方面创造新奇是观赏植物育种的主要目标。新的基因组编辑技术为研究基因功能和培育新品种增添了新的可能性。然而，此类技术的实施依赖于有关基因组和基因的结构和功能的详细信息。此外，需要改进的协议以有效地传递编辑试剂。本综述讨论了将基因组编辑技术应用于优良观赏作物的最新结果。审查与实施此类方法相关的使能技术和基因组资源。主要基因序列的可用性，为世界上最畅销的切花，即玫瑰、百合、菊花、桔梗、郁金香、非洲菊、小苍兰、六出、康乃馨和绣球花提供了潜在的商业性状和体外转化方案。描述了迄今为止获得的结果，并讨论了它们对改善开花、花结构、颜色、气味和保质期的影响。