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Contamination of Arsenic, Chromium and Fluoride in the Indian groundwater: a review, meta-analysis and cancer risk assessment
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s13762-020-03043-x
T. Poonia , N. Singh , M. C. Garg

It is well known that the long-term intake of water contaminated with arsenic (As), chromium (Cr) and fluoride (F) can develop carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health problems. This review study for the first time presents the comprehensive data analysis of the groundwater levels of As, Cr and F reported in different states of India. The experimental studies conducted in different regions of India were compiled for inclusive data analysis. This study emphasizes on the severe carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic impacts of these contaminants on the health of the natives. The studies published in peer reviewed journals indexed in Scopus, Science Citation Index and Web of Science have been compiled and represented systematically in order to make the interpretation more visible and clear to the scientific community. The levels of selected elements have been compared with the limits set by Bureau of Indian Standards and World Health Organization and further interpreted for the health hazards of the natives of that particular region. The highest concentration of As, Cr and F reported in India remained 1.36 mg/L (West Bengal), 33.80 mg/L (Uttar Pradesh) and 85 mg/L (Haryana), respectively. These values were 136, 676 and 57 times higher than the standard limits set for these elements (0.01 mg/L; 1.0 mg/L and 0.05 mg/L, respectively). The state-wise patterns of concentration levels have been shown in graphical forms. This review also highlights the regions severely affected due to As, Cr and F contamination and reveals the research gaps.



中文翻译:

印度地下水中砷,铬和氟化物的污染:综述,荟萃分析和癌症风险评估

众所周知的是污染的砷(As)的水长期摄入,铬(Cr)和氟(F - )可以开发致癌和非致癌性的健康问题。这是第一次呈现检讨研究砷,铬和F的地下水水位的全面的数据分析-在印度不同州都有报道。汇编了在印度不同地区进行的实验研究,以进行包容性数据分析。这项研究强调了这些污染物对当地人健康的严重致癌和非致癌影响。在Scopus,Science Citation Index和Web of Science收录的同行评审期刊中发表的研究已被汇编和系统地表示,以使这一解释对科学界更为可见和清晰。已将所选元素的含量与印度标准局和世界卫生组织设定的限值进行了比较,并进一步解释了该特定地区当地居民的健康危害。砷,铬和F的最高浓度-印度报告的残留量分别为1.36 mg / L(西孟加拉邦),33.80 mg / L(北方邦)和85 mg / L(哈里亚纳邦)。这些值比为这些元素设定的标准限值(分别为0.01 mg / L,1.0 mg / L和0.05 mg / L)高136、676和57倍。浓度水平的状态模式已以图形形式显示。这篇综述还重点介绍了由于砷,铬和氟-污染而受到严重影响的地区,并揭示了研究空白。

更新日期:2021-01-03
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