Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are enabled by atomic clocks, which provide the timing precision and accuracy required for the ranging measurements. Significant investments have been made and will continue to be made, to improve GNSS atomic clock technology and reduce the signal-in-space user range error. After providing a baseline by reviewing current GNSS satellite atomic clock technology, we discuss how far, and in what directions, atomic clock technology should be pushed to provide maximum benefits to GNSS performance, reliability and cost.

中文翻译：

---

GNSS原子钟的过去，现在和未来

全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）由原子钟启用，原子钟可提供测距测量所需的定时精度和准确性。为了改善GNSS原子钟技术并减少空间信号用户范围误差，已经进行并将继续进行大量投资。在通过回顾当前的GNSS卫星原子钟技术提供了基准之后，我们讨论了应该向多远，朝哪个方向发展原子钟技术，以便为GNSS性能，可靠性和成本提供最大的好处。