Invasive predators often decrease the abundance and distribution of native prey, but only a few studies have reported rapid predator-induced morphological and performance changes. An effective prey performance response may actually depend whether the predator uses a sit-and-wait or an active foraging strategy; the former would require prey to obtain the ability to move quickly in bursts, while the latter would require prey to increase their endurance to survive. The performance of native prey should therefore change according to the predation type of an invasive predator when it differs from that of native predators. As such, it is critical to evaluate prey performance to understand the effects of different predation types. We examined rapid morphological (hind limb length) and performance (burst movement ability, endurance) changes in a native prey frog induced by an invasive predator mongoose on Amami Island, Japan, where the only native predators of the frog are snakes. The hind limb length of the frog increased under the strong predation effect of the mongoose, which may have acted as a selective agent to induce rapid morphological responses. The endurance, but not the burst movement ability, of the frog was higher under the strong effect of predation by the mongoose. This suggests that endurance was a specific target of natural selection and that the performance of the native prey changed in response to the new predation type. Examining not only morphological but also performance changes will allow us to understand in detail the impact of invasive predators.

入侵性掠食者通常会减少本地猎物的数量和分布，但只有少数研究报道了掠食者引起的形态和性能快速变化。有效的猎物性能响应实际上可能取决于捕食者是使用坐等还是主动的觅食策略。前者将需要猎物以获得快速爆发的能力，而后者将需要猎物以增加其生存能力。因此，当侵入性捕食者与本地掠食者不同时，其性能应根据侵入性掠食者的捕食类型而变化。因此，评估猎物的性能以了解不同捕食类型的影响至关重要。我们检查了快速的形态学（后肢长）和表现（爆发运动能力，耐力）由日本Am美岛上的侵入性捕食猫鼬诱发的本地猎物蛙的变化，那里唯一的青蛙天然捕食者是蛇。在猫鼬的强捕食作用下，青蛙的后肢长度增加了，这可能已经起了诱导快速形态反应的选择作用。在猫鼬捕食的强烈影响下，青蛙的耐力而非爆发运动能力更高。这表明耐力是自然选择的特定目标，而天然猎物的性能会随着新的捕食类型而变化。不仅检查形态，还检查性能变化，将使我们能够详细了解侵入性掠食者的影响。青蛙的唯一本地食肉动物是蛇。在猫鼬的强捕食作用下，青蛙的后肢长度增加了，这可能已经起了诱导快速形态反应的选择作用。在猫鼬的强食作用下，青蛙的耐力而非爆发运动能力更高。这表明耐力是自然选择的特定目标，而天然猎物的性能会随着新的捕食类型而变化。不仅检查形态，还检查性能变化，将使我们能够详细了解侵入性掠食者的影响。青蛙的唯一本地掠食者是蛇。在猫鼬的强捕食作用下，青蛙的后肢长度增加了，这可能已经起了诱导快速形态反应的选择作用。在猫鼬捕食的强烈影响下，青蛙的耐力而非爆发运动能力更高。这表明耐力是自然选择的特定目标，而天然猎物的性能会随着新的捕食类型而变化。不仅检查形态，还检查性能变化，将使我们能够详细了解侵入性掠食者的影响。它可能充当了诱导快速形态反应的选择剂。在猫鼬的强食作用下，青蛙的耐力而非爆发运动能力更高。这表明耐力是自然选择的特定目标，而天然猎物的性能会随着新的捕食类型而变化。不仅检查形态，还检查性能变化，将使我们能够详细了解侵入性掠食者的影响。它可能充当了诱导快速形态反应的选择剂。在猫鼬的强食作用下，青蛙的耐力而非爆发运动能力更高。这表明耐力是自然选择的特定目标，而天然猎物的性能会随着新的捕食类型而变化。不仅检查形态，还检查性能变化，将使我们能够详细了解侵入性掠食者的影响。