Since lichens have been recognised as a potential natural source of bioactive substances, the aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial, lysozyme and antifungal effects of methanol, acetone and quencher extracts from four lichens: Diploschistes ocellatus , Flavoparmelia caperata , Squamarina cartilaginea and Xanthoria parietina. The results showed that the tested extracts had antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and anti-candida, and inhibit the spore germination of tested fungi. The different extracts varied in their effect as determined by the diameter of the inhibition zone, the highest values being observed with the methanol and acetone extracts (29.5 and 27.5 mm, respectively) for S. cartilaginea against Enterococcus faecalis . For powdered material (quencher), F. caperata showed the highest inhibition diameter (25.5 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values varied from 125 to 2000 μg mL −1 . Methanol extracts of S. cartilaginea were more active against Enterobacter cloacae (MIC 125 µg mL −1 ) and Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 125 µg mL −1 ), and also affected lysozyme activity against Staphylococcus aureus , as well as the morphology of fungal hyphae. This study demonstrated that the investigated species are a potential source of bioactive compounds which are potentially important antimicrobial agents.

中文翻译：

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四种突尼斯地衣提取物的溶菌酶活性和抗菌作用的体外评估：Diploschistes ocellatus、Flavoparmelia caperata、Squamarina cartilaginea 和 Xanthoria parietina

由于地衣已被认为是生物活性物质的潜在天然来源，本研究的目的是研究甲醇、丙酮和淬灭剂提取物的抗菌、溶菌酶和抗真菌作用，这些提取物来自四种地衣：Diploschistes ocellatus、Flavoparmelia caperata、Squamarina cartilaginea 和 Xanthoria帕列蒂纳。结果表明，受试提取物对革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌和抗念珠菌具有抗菌活性，并能抑制受试真菌的孢子萌发。不同提取物的效果因抑菌圈直径而异，使用甲醇和丙酮提取物观察到的最高值（分别为 29.5 和 27.5 毫米）对于 S. cartilaginea 对抗粪肠球菌。对于粉状材料（淬火剂），F. caperata 对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制直径最高（25.5 毫米）。最小抑制浓度(MIC) 值在125 至2000 μg mL -1 之间变化。S. cartilaginea 的甲醇提取物对阴沟肠杆菌 (MIC 125 µg mL -1 ) 和金黄色葡萄球菌 (MIC 125 µg mL -1 ) 更有活性，并且还影响对金黄色葡萄球菌的溶菌酶活性，以及​​真菌菌丝的形态。这项研究表明，所研究的物种是生物活性化合物的潜在来源，这些化合物是潜在的重要抗菌剂。cartilaginea 对阴沟肠杆菌 (MIC 125 µg mL -1 ) 和金黄色葡萄球菌 (MIC 125 µg mL -1 ) 更有活性，并且还影响对金黄色葡萄球菌的溶菌酶活性以及真菌菌丝的形态。这项研究表明，所研究的物种是生物活性化合物的潜在来源，这些化合物是潜在的重要抗菌剂。cartilaginea 对阴沟肠杆菌 (MIC 125 µg mL -1 ) 和金黄色葡萄球菌 (MIC 125 µg mL -1 ) 更有活性，并且还影响对金黄色葡萄球菌的溶菌酶活性以及真菌菌丝的形态。这项研究表明，所研究的物种是生物活性化合物的潜在来源，这些化合物是潜在的重要抗菌剂。