The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: a measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background power spectra at 98 and 150 GHz,Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: a measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background power spectra at 98 and 150 GHz
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 , DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2020/12/045
Steve K. Choi _{1,

2,

3} , Matthew Hasselfield _{4,

5,

6} , Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho ₃ , Brian Koopman ₇ , Marius Lungu _{3,

8} , Maximilian H. Abitbol ₉ , Graeme E. Addison ₁₀ , Peter A. R. Ade ₁₁ , Simone Aiola _{3,

4} , David Alonso ₉ , Mandana Amiri ₁₂ , Stefania Amodeo ₂ , Elio Angile ₈ , Jason E. Austermann ₁₃ , Taylor Baildon ₁₄ , Nick Battaglia ₂ , James A. Beall ₁₃ , Rachel Bean ₂ , Daniel T. Becker ₁₃ , J Richard Bond ₁₅ , Sarah Marie Bruno ₃ , Erminia Calabrese ₁₁ , Victoria Calafut ₂ , Luis E. Campusano ₁₆ , Felipe Carrero ₁₇ , Grace E. Chesmore ₁₈ , Hsiao-mei Cho _{13,

19} , Susan E. Clark ₂₀ , Nicholas F. Cothard ₂₁ , Devin Crichton ₂₂ , Kevin T. Crowley _{3,

23} , Omar Darwish ₂₄ , Rahul Datta ₁₀ , Edward V. Denison ₁₃ , Mark J. Devlin ₈ , Cody J. Duell ₁ , Shannon M. Duff ₁₃ , Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden ₃ , Jo Dunkley _{3,

25} , Rolando Dünner ₂₆ , Thomas Essinger-Hileman ₂₇ , Max Fankhanel ₁₇ , Simone Ferraro ₂₈ , Anna E. Fox ₁₃ , Brittany Fuzia ₂₉ , Patricio A. Gallardo ₁ , Vera Gluscevic ₃₀ , Joseph E. Golec ₁₈ , Emily Grace ₃ , Megan Gralla ₃₁ , Yilun Guan ₃₂ , Kirsten Hall ₁₀ , Mark Halpern ₁₂ , Dongwon Han ₃₃ , Peter Hargrave ₁₁ , Shawn Henderson ₁₉ , Brandon Hensley ₂₅ , J. Colin Hill _{4,

34} , Gene C. Hilton ₁₃ , Matt Hilton ₂₂ , Adam D. Hincks ₃₅ , Renée Hložek _{35,

36} , Johannes Hubmayr ₁₃ , Kevin M. Huffenberger ₂₉ , John P. Hughes ₃₇ , Leopoldo Infante ₂₆ , Kent Irwin ₃₈ , Rebecca Jackson ₁₈ , Jeff Klein ₈ , Kenda Knowles ₂₂ , Arthur Kosowsky ₃₂ , Vincent Lakey ₂₉ , Dale Li _{13,

19} , Yaqiong Li ₃ , Zack Li ₂₅ , Martine Lokken _{15,

35} , Thibaut Louis ₃₉ , Amanda MacInnis ₃₃ , Mathew Madhavacheril ₄₀ , Felipe Maldonado ₂₉ , Maya Mallaby-Kay ₄₁ , Danica Marsden ₈ , Loïc Maurin _{26,

42} , Jeff McMahon _{14,

18,

41,

43,

44} , Felipe Menanteau _{45,

46} , Kavilan Moodley ₂₂ , Tim Morton ₃₀ , Sigurd Naess ₄ , Toshiya Namikawa ₂₄ , Federico Nati _{8,

47} , Laura Newburgh ₇ , John P. Nibarger ₁₃ , Andrina Nicola ₂₅ , Michael D. Niemack _{1,

2} , Michael R. Nolta ₁₅ , John Orlowski-Sherer ₈ , Lyman A. Page ₃ , Christine G. Pappas ₁₃ , Bruce Partridge ₄₈ , Phumlani Phakathi ₂₂ , Heather Prince ₂₅ , Roberto Puddu ₂₆ , Frank J. Qu ₂₄ , Jesus Rivera ₃₇ , Naomi Robertson ₄₉ , Felipe Rojas _{17,

26} , Maria Salatino _{38,

50} , Emmanuel Schaan ₂₈ , Alessandro Schillaci ₅₁ , Benjamin L. Schmitt ₈ , Neelima Sehgal ₃₃ , Blake D. Sherwin ₂₄ , Carlos Sierra ₁₈ , Jon Sievers ₅₂ , Cristobal Sifon ₅₃ , Precious Sikhosana ₂₂ , Sara Simon ₁₄ , David N. Spergel _{4,

25} , Suzanne T. Staggs ₃ , Jason Stevens ₁ , Emilie Storer ₃ , Dhaneshwar D. Sunder ₂₂ , Eric R. Switzer ₂₇ , Ben Thorne ₅₄ , Robert Thornton _{8,

55} , Hy Trac ₅₆ , Jesse Treu ₅₇ , Carole Tucker ₁₁ , Leila R. Vale ₁₃ , Alexander Van Engelen ₅₈ , Jeff Van Lanen ₁₃ , Eve M. Vavagiakis ₁ , Kasey Wagoner ₃ , Yuhan Wang ₃ , Jonathan T. Ward ₈ , Edward J. Wollack ₂₇ , Zhilei Xu ₈ , Fernando Zago ₅₂ , Ningfeng Zhu ₈

Affiliation

Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A.
Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A.
Joseph Henry Laboratories of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, U.S.A.
Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 5th Avenue, New York, NY 10010, U.S.A.
Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A.
Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, Yale University, 217 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511, U.S.A.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, U.K.
Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, U.S.A.
School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff, Wales, CF24 3AA, U.K.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
NIST Quantum Devices Group, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03, Boulder, CO 80305, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48103, U.S.A.
Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H8, Canada
Universidad de Chile, Dept Astronomía Casilla 36-D, Santiago, Chile
Sociedad Radiosky Asesorías de Ingeniería Limitada, Camino a Toconao 145-A, Ayllu de Solor, San Pedro de Atacama, Chile
Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A.
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park, California 94025, U.S.A.
Institute for Advanced Study, 1 Einstein Dr, Princeton, NJ 08540, U.S.A.
Department of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A.
Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.
DAMTP, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 OWA, U.K.
Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, U.S.A.
Instituto de Astrofísica and Centro de Astro-Ingeniería, Facultad de Fìsica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, 7820436 Macul, Santiago, Chile
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, U.S.A.
Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics, LBL and Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee FL 32306, U.S.A.
University of Southern California. Department of Physics and Astronomy, 825 Bloom Walk ACB 439. Los Angeles, CA 90089-0484, U.S.A.
Department of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, U.S.A.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, U.S.A.
Physics and Astronomy Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A.
David A. Dunlap Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George Street, Toronto ON, M5S 3H4, Canada
Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8019, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4085, U.S.A.
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
Centre for the Universe, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON, N2L 2Y5, Canada
Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A.
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale, 91405, Orsay, France
Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A.
Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, U.S.A.
National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1205 W. Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A.
Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, University of Milano—Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126, Milano MI, Italy
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Haverford College, Haverford, PA 19041, U.S.A.
Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, U.K.
Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, 382 Via Pueblo Mall Stanford, CA 94305-4060, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, U.S.A.
Physics Department, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4059, Valparaíso, Chile
One Shields Avenue, Physics Department, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A.
Department of Physics, West Chester University of Pennsylvania, West Chester, PA 19383, U.S.A.
McWilliams Center for Cosmology, Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Physics, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh PA 15213, U.S.A.
Domain Associates, LLC, U.S.A.
School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, U.S.A.

We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra of the CMB measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 5400 deg$^2$ of the 2013-2016 survey, which covers $>$15000 deg$^2$ at 98 and 150 GHz. For this analysis we adopt a blinding strategy to help avoid confirmation bias and, related to this, show numerous checks for systematic error done before unblinding. Using the likelihood for the cosmological analysis we constrain secondary sources of anisotropy and foreground emission, and derive a "CMB-only" spectrum that extends to $\ell=4000$. At large angular scales, foreground emission at 150 GHz is $\sim$1% of TT and EE within our selected regions and consistent with that found by Planck. Using the same likelihood, we obtain the cosmological parameters for $\Lambda$CDM for the ACT data alone with a prior on the optical depth of $\tau=0.065\pm0.015$. $\Lambda$CDM is a good fit. The best-fit model has a reduced $\chi^2$ of 1.07 (PTE=0.07) with $H_0=67.9\pm1.5$ km/s/Mpc. We show that the lensing BB signal is consistent with $\Lambda$CDM and limit the celestial EB polarization angle to $\psi_P =-0.09^{\circ}\pm0.09^{\circ}$. We directly cross correlate ACT with Planck and observe generally good agreement but with some discrepancies in TE. All data on which this analysis is based will be publicly released.

中文翻译：

阿塔卡马宇宙学望远镜：测量 98 GHz 和 150 GHz 的宇宙微波背景功率谱

我们展示了阿塔卡马宇宙学望远镜 (ACT) 在 2013-2016 年调查的 5400 deg$^2$ 中测量的 CMB 的温度和偏振角功率谱，其中涵盖了 98 GHz 和 150 GHz 下的 $>$15000 deg$^2$ . 对于此分析，我们采用盲法策略来帮助避免确认偏差，并与此相关，显示在揭盲之前对系统错误进行的大量检查。使用宇宙学分析的可能性，我们限制了各向异性和前景发射的次要来源，并推导出了一个扩展到 $\ell=4000 $ 的“仅 CMB”光谱。在大角度尺度上，150 GHz 的前景发射是我们选定区域内 TT 和 EE 的 $\sim$1%，与普朗克发现的一致。使用相同的可能性，我们单独获得了 ACT 数据的 $\Lambda$CDM 的宇宙学参数，光学深度为 $\tau=0.065\pm0.015$。$\Lambda$CDM 非常适合。最佳拟合模型降低了 $\chi^2$ 为 1.07 (PTE=0.07)，$H_0=67.9\pm1.5$ km/s/Mpc。我们表明透镜 BB 信号与 $\Lambda$CDM 一致，并将天体 EB 偏振角限制为 $\psi_P =-0.09^{\circ}\pm0.09^{\circ}$。我们直接将 ACT 与普朗克相互关联，并观察到总体上良好的一致性，但在 TE 中存在一些差异。本分析所依据的所有数据都将公开发布。我们表明透镜 BB 信号与 $\Lambda$CDM 一致，并将天体 EB 偏振角限制为 $\psi_P =-0.09^{\circ}\pm0.09^{\circ}$。我们直接将 ACT 与普朗克相互关联，并观察到总体上良好的一致性，但在 TE 中存在一些差异。本分析所依据的所有数据都将公开发布。我们表明透镜 BB 信号与 $\Lambda$CDM 一致，并将天体 EB 偏振角限制为 $\psi_P =-0.09^{\circ}\pm0.09^{\circ}$。我们直接将 ACT 与普朗克相互关联，并观察到总体上良好的一致性，但在 TE 中存在一些差异。本分析所依据的所有数据都将公开发布。

更新日期：2020-12-30

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