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Threshold resonances and virtual levels in the spectrum of cylindrical and periodic waveguides
Izvestiya: Mathematics ( IF 0.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-30 , DOI: 10.1070/im8928
S. A. Nazarov 1
Affiliation  

We describe and classify the thresholds of the continuous spectrum and the resulting resonances for general formally self-adjoint elliptic systems of second-order differential equations with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions in domains with cylindrical and periodic outlets to infinity (in waveguides). These resonances arise because there are “almost standing” waves, that is, non-trivial solutions of the homogeneous problem which do not transmit energy. We consider quantum, acoustic, and elastic waveguides as examples. Our main focus is on degenerate thresholds which are characterized by the presence of standing waves with polynomial growth at infinity and produce effects lacking for ordinary thresholds. In particular, we describe the effect of lifting an eigenvalue from the degenerate zero threshold of the spectrum. This effect occurs for elastic waveguides of a vector nature and is absent from the scalar problems for cylindrical acoustic and quantum waveguides. Using the technique of self-adjoint extensions of differential operators in weighted spaces, we interpret the almost standing waves as eigenvectors of certain operators and the threshold as the corresponding eigenvalue. Here the threshold eigenvalues and the corresponding vector-valued functions not decaying at infinity can be obtained by approaching the threshold (the virtual level) either from below or from above. Hence their properties differ essentially from the customary ones. We state some open problems.



中文翻译:

圆柱波导和周期波导频谱中的阈值共振和虚拟能级

我们描述并分类了连续谱的阈值和一般的形式自伴椭圆系统的二阶微分方程的Dirichlet或Neumann边界条件,在圆柱和周期出口到无穷大的域中(在波导中)。这些共振的产生是由于存在“几乎驻波”,即不传输能量的均匀问题的非平凡解。我们以量子,声波和弹性波导为例。我们的主要重点是简并阈值,其特征在于存在驻波,且该多项式在无穷大时会增长,并且会产生普通阈值所缺乏的影响。特别是,我们描述了从光谱的简并零阈值提升特征值的效果。对于矢量性质的弹性波导会发生这种效应,而圆柱形声波导和量子波导的标量问题则没有这种效应。使用加权空间中微分算子的自伴随扩展技术,我们将几乎驻波解释为某些算子的特征向量,并将阈值解释为对应的特征值。在这里,阈值特征值和在无穷远处不衰减的相应矢量值函数可以通过从下方或从上方接近阈值(虚拟水平)来获得。因此,它们的性质本质上与常规性质不同。我们提出一些未解决的问题。使用加权空间中微分算子的自伴随扩展技术,我们将几乎驻波解释为某些算子的特征向量,并将阈值解释为对应的特征值。在这里,阈值特征值和在无穷远处不衰减的相应矢量值函数可以通过从下方或从上方接近阈值(虚拟水平)来获得。因此,它们的性质本质上与常规性质不同。我们提出一些未解决的问题。使用加权空间中微分算子的自伴随扩展技术,我们将几乎驻波解释为某些算子的特征向量,并将阈值解释为对应的特征值。在这里,阈值特征值和在无穷远处不衰减的相应矢量值函数可以通过从下方或从上方接近阈值(虚拟水平)来获得。因此,它们的性质本质上与常规性质不同。我们提出一些未解决的问题。在这里,阈值特征值和在无穷远处不衰减的相应矢量值函数可以通过从下方或从上方接近阈值(虚拟水平)来获得。因此,它们的性质本质上与常规性质不同。我们提出一些未解决的问题。在这里,阈值特征值和在无穷远处不衰减的相应矢量值函数可以通过从下方或从上方接近阈值(虚拟水平)来获得。因此,它们的性质本质上与常规性质不同。我们提出一些未解决的问题。

更新日期:2020-12-30
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