Galls or the neoplastic growth on plants result from a complex type of interaction between the inducers (Acari, Insects, Microbes and Nematodes) and plants. The present study sheds light on the gall inducing habit of a highly host specific eriophyid mite, Aceria pongamiae, on the leaves of Pongamia pinnata leading to the production of abnormal pouch like outgrowths on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the foliage. Each leaf gall is a highly complex, irregular massive structure, and the formation of which often leads to complete destruction of leaves, especially during heavy mite infestation, and thereby adversely affecting the physiology and growth of the host plant. The study was carried out by making comparative observations on FE-SEM histological sections of galls representing four different growth stages categorized on the basis of difference in age groups. Apart from variations in cell metaplasia, a dramatic change was observed in the abaxial-adaxial polarity of the laminar surfaces also throughout the developmental sequence of galls, in all the four growth stages. Significant variations could be observed in the anti-oxidative potency as well as elemental composition in the all the four age groups of galls, and also revealed ATR-FTIR pattern of gall formation. Being the first attempt to unravel the mystery of gall induction by eriophyids in general and by A. pongamiae in particular, on its host plant P.pinnata, by shedding light on the structural and histological alterations taking place during leaf gall formation under the influence of the mite, the current study is to be treated as the model of plant-animal interactive system.

中文翻译：

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动态的有限的肿瘤生长在Pongamia pinnata（L.）（Fabaceae）叶上，由Aceria pongamiae（Acari：Eriophyidae）诱导

虫s或植物上的赘生物生长是由诱导物（Acari，昆虫，微生物和线虫）与植物之间复杂的相互作用导致的。本研究揭示了Pongamia pinnata叶片上高度寄主特有的拟螨类螨Aceria pongamiae的胆汁诱导习性，导致异常袋的产生，例如在叶片的正反表面上长出了生长物。每个叶gall是一个高度复杂，不规则的块状结构，其形成通常会导致叶片的完全破坏，特别是在螨虫侵染期间，从而对寄主植物的生理和生长产生不利影响。这项研究是通过对胆囊的FE-SEM组织学切片进行比较观察而进行的，这些切片代表了根据年龄组分类的四个不同的生长阶段。除了细胞化生的变化以外，在所有四个生长阶段中，在整个胆囊的发育过程中，还观察到了层流表面的前后轴极性的巨大变化。在所有四个年龄组的s中，其抗氧化能力和元素组成均发生了显着变化，并且还揭示了gall形成的ATR-FTIR模式。这是首次揭开其主要寄主植物P.pinnata上普遍存在的内生藻类，尤其是蓬勃拟南芥对胆汁诱导的神秘感的尝试，