Location-based services (LBSs) provide enhanced functionality and convenience of ubiquitous computing, but they open up new vulnerabilities that can be utilized to violate the users’ privacy. The leakage of private location data in the LBS context has drawn significant attention from academics and industry due to its importance, leading to numerous research efforts aiming to confront the related challenges. However, to the best of our knowledge, none of relevant studies have performed a qualitative and quantitative comparison and analysis of the complex topic of designing countermeasures and discussed the viability of their use with different kinds of services and the potential elements that could be deployed to meet new challenges. Accordingly, the purpose of this survey is to examine the privacy-preserving techniques in LBSs. We categorize and provide an inside-out review of the existing techniques. Performing a retrospective analysis of several typical studies in each category, we summarize their basic principles and recent advances. Additionally, we highlight the use of privacy-preserving techniques in LBSs for enabling new research opportunities. Providing an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of existing studies, this survey may further stimulate new research efforts into this promising field.

中文翻译：

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基于位置的服务中的位置隐私保护机制

基于位置的服务 (LBS) 提供了普适计算的增强功能和便利性，但它们开辟了可用于侵犯用户隐私的新漏洞。LBS上下文中私人位置数据的泄漏由于其重要性而引起了学术界和工业界的极大关注，导致了许多旨在应对相关挑战的研究工作。然而，据我们所知，没有一项相关研究对设计对策这一复杂主题进行定性和定量比较和分析，并讨论了将其与不同类型的服务一起使用的可行性以及可以部署到的潜在要素迎接新的挑战。因此，本次调查的目的是检查 LBS 中的隐私保护技术。我们对现有技术进行分类并提供由内而外的审查。我们对每个类别中的几个典型研究进行回顾性分析，总结它们的基本原理和最新进展。此外，我们强调在 LBS 中使用隐私保护技术来实现新的研究机会。这项调查提供了对现有研究的最新和全面的概述，可能会进一步激发新的研究工作进入这个有前途的领域。