Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is one of the most common diseases in children, and it continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Norovirus is one of the major enteropathogens associated with both sporadic diarrhea and outbreaks of gastroenteritis. This study aims to investigate genotype diversity and molecular epidemiology of norovirus in Bangladesh. A total of 466 fecal specimens were collected from January 2014 to January 2019 from children below 5 years old with AGE in Bangladesh. All samples were analyzed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect norovirus, and sequence analysis was conducted if found positive. Norovirus was detected in 5.1% (24 of 466) fecal specimens. Norovirus genotype GII.7 was predominant (62.5%, 15 of 24), followed by GII.3 (37.5%, 9 of 24). Coinfection between rotavirus and norovirus was found in 7 of 24 positive cases. Diarrhea (93.7%) and dehydration (89%) were the most common symptoms in children with AGE. About 80% of the positive cases were detected in children aged under 24 months. One seasonal peak (87.5% infection) was detected in the winter. This study suggests that norovirus continues to be one of the major etiologies of children AGE in Bangladesh. This study will provide a guideline to assess the burden of norovirus infection in Bangladesh, which will assist to combat against AGE.

中文翻译：

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2014-2019年孟加拉国急性胃肠炎儿童诺如病毒感染的分子流行病学和遗传多样性

急性胃肠炎（AGE）是儿童最常见的疾病之一，并且仍然是全世界发病和死亡的重要原因。诺如病毒是与散发性腹泻和胃肠炎爆发相关的主要肠道病原体之一。本研究旨在调查孟加拉国诺如病毒的基因型多样性和分子流行病学。2014年1月至2019年1月，从孟加拉国5岁以下患有AGE的儿童中总共采集了466份粪便样本。所有样本均通过逆转录酶聚合酶链式反应检测诺如病毒，如果发现阳性则进行序列分析。在 5.1% 的粪便样本（466 份中的 24 份）中检测到诺如病毒。诺如病毒基因型 GII.7 占主导地位（62.5%，24 例中的 15 例），其次是 GII.3（37.5%，24 例中的 9 例）。24例阳性病例中，7例发现轮状病毒和诺如病毒混合感染。腹泻（93.7%）和脱水（89%）是 AGE 儿童最常见的症状。约80%的阳性病例是在24个月以下的儿童中发现的。在冬季发现了一个季节性高峰（87.5%的感染率）。这项研究表明，诺如病毒仍然是孟加拉国儿童 AGE 的主要病因之一。这项研究将为评估孟加拉国诺如病毒感染的负担提供指导，这将有助于对抗 AGE。