Living in big cities might involuntarily expose people to high levels of noise causing auditory and/or extra‐auditory impairments, including adverse effects on central nervous system (CNS) areas such as the hippocampus. In particular, CNS development is a very complex process that can be altered by environmental stimuli. We have previously shown that noise exposure of developing rats can induce hippocampal‐related behavioral alterations. However, noise‐induced biochemical alterations had not been studied yet. Thus, the aim of this work was to assess whether early noise exposure can affect rat hippocampal oxidative state and aminoacidergic neurotransmission tone. Additionally, the effectiveness of an enriched environment (EE) as a neuroprotective strategy was evaluated. Male Wistar rats were exposed to different noise schemes at 7 or 15 days after birth. Upon weaning, some animals were transferred to an EE whereas others were kept in standard cages. Short‐ and long‐term measurements were performed to evaluate reactive oxygen species, thioredoxins levels and catalase activity as indicators of hippocampal oxidative status as well as glutamic acid decarboxylase and a subtype of glutamate transporter to evaluate aminoacidergic neurotransmission tone. Results showed noise‐induced changes in hippocampal oxidative state and aminoacidergic neurotransmission markers that lasted until adolescence and differed according to the scheme and the age of exposure. Finally, EE housing was effective in preventing some of these changes. These findings suggest that CNS development seems to be sensitive to the effects of stressors such as noise, as well as those of an environmental stimulation, favoring prompt and lasting molecular changes.

中文翻译：

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发育中雄性大鼠噪声诱导的海马氧化失衡和氨基酸能神经递质改变：青春期丰富环境的影响

生活在大城市可能会不自觉地将人们暴露在高水平的噪音中，从而导致听觉和/或听觉外障碍，包括对海马等中枢神经系统 (CNS) 区域的不利影响。特别是，CNS 发育是一个非常复杂的过程，可以通过环境刺激来改变。我们之前已经表明，发育中的大鼠的噪音暴露可以诱导海马相关的行为改变。然而，尚未研究噪声引起的生化变化。因此，这项工作的目的是评估早期噪声暴露是否会影响大鼠海马氧化状态和氨基酸能神经传递音调。此外，评估了丰富环境 (EE) 作为神经保护策略的有效性。雄性 Wistar 大鼠在出生后 7 天或 15 天暴露于不同的噪音方案。断奶后，一些动物被转移到 EE，而另一些则被关在标准笼子里。进行短期和长期测量以评估活性氧、硫氧还蛋白水平和过氧化氢酶活性作为海马氧化状态的指标，以及谷氨酸脱羧酶和谷氨酸转运蛋白亚型以评估氨基酸能神经传递音调。结果显示，噪音引起的海马氧化状态和氨基酸能神经传递标志物的变化一直持续到青春期，并且根据方案和暴露年龄而有所不同。最后，EE 住房有效地防止了其中一些变化。