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Life history mediates the effects of habitat variation on salamander abundance: a multiscale assessment
Landscape Ecology ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s10980-020-01167-6
Philip R. Gould , William E. Peterman

Context The conservation of aquatic and semi-aquatic species is dependent on our understanding of species responses to fine and broad-scale habitat heterogeneity. This is particularly true for species of semi-aquatic salamanders, which show dramatic differences in life history strategies. To better conserve salamander biodiversity, it is therefore important to identify how species within stream communities respond to environmental conditions at multiple spatial scales. Objectives Stream salamanders are a group of amphibians that require permanent stream flow for reproduction and larval development. While research focusing on plethodontid salamander abundance exists, few have identified how abiotic factors at different scales influence stream salamander density. We aim to determine how responses to habitat factors at different scales differ between species of stream salamanders that have variable life history strategies. Methods We conducted area-constrained repeated count surveys in stream reaches across three watersheds in western North Carolina. We surveyed each plot on three occasions and estimated salamander density based on fine and broad-scale habitat covariates. Results We found species’ responses to stream water-quality and broad-scale landscape variability were dependent on larval period and adult life history. Species with more aquatic life histories had stronger responses to both water-quality and broad-scale variables, while more terrestrial species responded more strongly to broad-scale variables. Conclusions Responses to fine and broad-scale habitat variation by stream-salamanders is associated with species larval period and adult life history. Proper assessment of communities of semi-aquatic salamanders, therefore, requires an understanding of both upland and stream conditions, especially when diverse life histories are present.

中文翻译:

生活史介导栖息地变化对蝾螈丰度的影响:多尺度评估

背景 水生和半水生物种的保护取决于我们对物种对精细和大尺度栖息地异质性反应的理解。对于半水生蝾螈物种尤其如此,它们在生活史策略上表现出巨大差异。因此,为了更好地保护蝾螈生物多样性,确定溪流群落中的物种如何在多个空间尺度上响应环境条件非常重要。目的 溪流蝾螈是一群需要永久性溪流进行繁殖和幼虫发育的两栖动物。虽然存在针对 plethodontid 蝾螈丰度的研究,但很少有人确定不同尺度的非生物因素如何影响溪流蝾螈密度。我们的目标是确定具有不同生活史策略的河蝾螈物种对不同尺度的栖息地因素的反应有何不同。方法 我们在北卡罗来纳州西部三个流域的河流河段中进行了区域受限的重复计数调查。我们对每个地块进行了三次调查,并根据精细和广泛的栖息地协变量估计了蝾螈密度。结果我们发现物种对溪流水质和大尺度景观变化的反应取决于幼虫期和成虫生活史。具有更多水生生物历史的物种对水质和大尺度变量的反应更强,而更多的陆地物种对大尺度变量的反应更强烈。结论 蝾螈对细小和大尺度栖息地变化的响应与物种幼虫期和成虫生活史有关。因此,对半水生蝾螈群落的正确评估需要了解高地和溪流条件,尤其是在存在不同生活史的情况下。
更新日期:2021-01-02
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